ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 with NGN
1. A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions with the parent of an infant who has rotavirus. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will avoid feeding my baby for 12 hours
- B. I will apply diaper cream during each diaper change
- C. I will give my baby water between feedings
- D. I will apply warm compresses for my baby's comfort
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Applying diaper cream during each diaper change is important to prevent skin breakdown in infants with rotavirus. Rotavirus can cause diarrhea, which can lead to skin irritation. Avoiding feeding the baby for 12 hours (choice A) can lead to dehydration and is not appropriate. Giving water between feedings (choice C) can further contribute to dehydration. Applying warm compresses (choice D) may provide comfort but does not address the specific issue of preventing skin breakdown associated with rotavirus.
2. A charge nurse on a medical-surgical unit is planning assignments for a licensed practical nurse (LPN) who has been sent from the postpartum unit due to a staffing shortage for the shift. Which of the following client assignments should the nurse delegate to the LPN?
- A. A client who is postoperative following a bowel resection with an NGT set to continuous suction.
- B. A client who has fractured a femur yesterday and is experiencing shortness of breath.
- C. A client who sustained a concussion and has unequal pupils.
- D. A client who has an Hgb of 6.3 g/dl and a prescription for packed RBCs.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the LPN can care for stable clients with complex needs, such as managing an NGT set to continuous suction. Choices B, C, and D involve clients with more acute conditions that require a higher level of assessment and intervention, making them unsuitable for delegation to an LPN. Choice B requires prompt evaluation of the shortness of breath in a client with a recent femur fracture, which is beyond the LPN's scope. Choice C involves a head injury and unequal pupils, indicating the need for neurological assessment and close monitoring. Choice D relates to a critically low hemoglobin level and the need for blood transfusion, requiring careful monitoring and potential intervention beyond the LPN's role.
3. What are the nursing interventions for a patient with a pressure ulcer?
- A. Clean the wound and apply a hydrocolloid dressing
- B. Provide a high-protein diet and ensure bed rest
- C. Monitor for signs of infection and provide antibiotics
- D. Provide a low-sodium diet and monitor for fluid retention
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct nursing intervention for a patient with a pressure ulcer is to clean the wound and apply a hydrocolloid dressing. This promotes healing by creating a moist environment conducive to the wound healing process. Choice B is incorrect because while nutrition is important for wound healing, a high-protein diet alone is not a specific intervention for a pressure ulcer. Choice C is incorrect as antibiotics are only used if there is an infection present. Choice D is also incorrect as a low-sodium diet and monitoring for fluid retention are more related to conditions like heart failure or kidney disease, not specifically pressure ulcer care.
4. What is the proper technique for administering an intramuscular (IM) injection?
- A. Locate the injection site and insert at 90 degrees
- B. Insert needle at a 45-degree angle
- C. Massage the site after injection
- D. Insert needle at a 15-degree angle
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct technique for administering an intramuscular (IM) injection is to locate the injection site and insert the needle at a 90-degree angle. This angle ensures that the medication is delivered into the muscle for proper absorption. Choice B is incorrect because a 45-degree angle is typically used for subcutaneous injections, not intramuscular. Choice C is incorrect as massaging the site after an injection can cause the medication to disperse unevenly. Choice D is incorrect as a 15-degree angle would not reach the muscle layer effectively for an IM injection.
5. What is an important consideration when administering a blood transfusion?
- A. Ensure the blood is compatible with the recipient's blood type
- B. Warm the blood to body temperature before administration
- C. Check the blood for clots before administration
- D. Ensure the recipient eats before the transfusion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to ensure the blood is compatible with the recipient's blood type. This is crucial to prevent transfusion reactions, which can be life-threatening. Choice B is incorrect because warming blood to body temperature is not a standard practice and may lead to hemolysis. Choice C is incorrect as blood products are carefully screened for clots before distribution. Choice D is incorrect because it is not necessary for the recipient to eat before a blood transfusion.
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