ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a new prescription for haloperidol. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider?
- A. Weight gain.
- B. Dry mouth.
- C. Sedation.
- D. Shuffling gait.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shuffling gait. A shuffling gait can indicate extrapyramidal symptoms, a potentially serious side effect of haloperidol. Extrapyramidal symptoms include movement disorders such as dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia. Reporting this symptom promptly is crucial to prevent further complications. Choices A, B, and C are common side effects of haloperidol but are not as urgent or indicative of serious complications compared to a shuffling gait.
2. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who will be placed in halo traction following surgical repair of the cervical spine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Inspect the pin site every 4 hours
- B. Monitor the client’s skin under the halo vest
- C. Ensure two personnel hold the halo device when repositioning the client
- D. Apply powder frequently to the client’s skin under the vest to decrease itching
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the client’s skin under the halo vest. This is important to assess for signs of skin issues such as excessive sweating, redness, or blistering, which can lead to skin breakdown and infection. Choice A is incorrect because inspecting the pin site every 4 hours is necessary but not the priority in this case. Choice C is incorrect as it is not essential for two personnel to hold the halo device during repositioning. Choice D is incorrect because applying powder frequently can actually increase the risk of skin issues by clogging pores and causing irritation.
3. A client is being taught about prescribed asthma medications. Which of the following medications should the client use for treatment of an acute asthma attack?
- A. Beclomethasone
- B. Salmeterol
- C. Albuterol
- D. Montelukast
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is the correct choice for treating acute asthma attacks because it is a short-acting bronchodilator that provides quick relief by relaxing the muscles in the airways. Beclomethasone (choice A) and Salmeterol (choice B) are long-acting medications used for controlling and preventing asthma symptoms but are not for immediate relief during an acute attack. Montelukast (choice D) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma maintenance therapy and not for acute asthma attacks.
4. The healthcare provider has reinforced dietary instructions to a client with coronary artery disease. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the dietary instructions?
- A. I should substitute eggs and milk for meat.
- B. I will eliminate all cholesterol and fat from my diet.
- C. I should routinely use polyunsaturated oils in my diet.
- D. I need to consider becoming a strict vegetarian.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Using polyunsaturated oils, such as vegetable oils, can help manage cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease. This dietary change is beneficial for individuals with coronary artery disease as it promotes heart health by improving cholesterol profiles. Substituting eggs and milk for meat (Choice A) may not address the overall dietary needs for managing the condition. Completely eliminating all cholesterol and fat from the diet (Choice B) is not necessary as the body needs some healthy fats. Considering becoming a strict vegetarian (Choice D) is a personal choice and may not necessarily be required to manage coronary artery disease.
5. A nurse is providing education to a patient newly prescribed buspirone for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I can take this medication as needed for immediate relief of anxiety.
- B. It may take several weeks before I notice the full effects of the medication.
- C. I should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.
- D. This medication is less likely to make me drowsy compared to other anxiety medications.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Buspirone is not for immediate relief of anxiety
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