ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Quizlet
1. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?
- A. Use a 1-inch needle.
- B. Insert the needle at a 90-degree angle.
- C. Use a tuberculin syringe.
- D. Aspirate before injecting.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When administering a subcutaneous injection, it is important to insert the needle at a 90-degree angle to ensure proper medication delivery into the subcutaneous tissue. This angle helps prevent the medication from being injected too deeply or too superficially, ensuring optimal absorption and therapeutic effect. Choice A is incorrect because the needle length for a subcutaneous injection is typically shorter, around ⅝ to 1 inch. Choice C is incorrect as a tuberculin syringe is not commonly used for subcutaneous injections. Choice D is also incorrect as aspiration is not necessary for subcutaneous injections since there are minimal blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue.
2. A client with a new diagnosis of anemia is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements should be included in the teaching?
- A. You should increase your intake of foods high in iron.
- B. You should decrease your intake of foods high in calcium.
- C. You should avoid foods that contain gluten.
- D. You should increase your intake of high-fat foods.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'You should increase your intake of foods high in iron.' This statement should be included in the teaching because increasing intake of foods high in iron is essential for managing anemia. Iron is a key component for producing hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. By increasing iron-rich foods like leafy greens, red meat, and fortified cereals, the client can help improve their hemoglobin levels and overall health. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Decreasing intake of foods high in calcium is not necessary for anemia management; avoiding foods that contain gluten is relevant for individuals with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease, not anemia; and increasing intake of high-fat foods is not recommended for managing anemia.
3. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the colostomy care instructions?
- A. I will change the colostomy bag once a week.
- B. I will avoid eating high-fiber foods.
- C. I will clean around the stoma with mild soap and water.
- D. I will apply lotion to the skin around the stoma.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Cleaning around the stoma with mild soap and water is crucial for colostomy care as it helps prevent infection and skin irritation. Changing the colostomy bag frequency, dietary modifications, or applying lotion are not primary aspects of stoma care. Proper cleaning around the stoma helps maintain hygiene and prevents complications, making it a key component of caring for a colostomy.
4. A client has a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism, and a nurse is providing dietary management education. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should increase your intake of iodine-rich foods.
- B. You should decrease your intake of iodine-rich foods.
- C. You should avoid foods that contain lactose.
- D. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In hypothyroidism, increasing intake of iodine-rich foods is beneficial as iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones. This helps to support thyroid function in individuals with hypothyroidism. Therefore, advising the client to increase their intake of iodine-rich foods aligns with the recommended dietary management for hypothyroidism. Choice B is incorrect because decreasing iodine-rich foods could lead to further deficiency in individuals with hypothyroidism. Choice C is not directly related to hypothyroidism and lactose intolerance is a separate issue. Choice D is incorrect as increasing dairy products is not a specific recommendation for hypothyroidism unless the client has a deficiency of calcium or vitamin D, which should be assessed separately.
5. A healthcare provider is planning care for a client who has a pressure ulcer. Which of the following actions should the healthcare provider take?
- A. Massage the reddened area.
- B. Apply a heating pad to the area.
- C. Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees.
- D. Reposition the client every 2 hours.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Repositioning the client every 2 hours is crucial in preventing pressure ulcers from worsening. This action helps relieve pressure on specific areas, improving circulation and reducing the risk of tissue damage. Massaging the reddened area can further damage the skin, applying heat can increase the risk of skin breakdown, and elevating the head of the bed to 45 degrees may not directly address the pressure ulcer prevention. Proper positioning is essential to avoid prolonged pressure on the affected areas and promote healing.
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