ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Quizlet
1. A client with dysphagia and at risk for aspiration needs care planning. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Encourage the client to drink thickened liquids.
- B. Instruct the client to swallow with chin tucked.
- C. Provide the client with a cup with a lid.
- D. Place the client in Fowler's position for meals.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Placing the client in Fowler's position is crucial in preventing aspiration as it helps maintain an open airway and reduces the risk of food or liquid entering the lungs during swallowing. This position promotes safer swallowing and minimizes the chances of aspiration pneumonia. Choices A, B, and C are less effective interventions for preventing aspiration. Encouraging the client to drink thickened liquids may help, but the position is more critical. Instructing the client to swallow with chin tucked is beneficial for some individuals but not as effective as positioning. Providing a cup with a lid does not directly address the risk of aspiration associated with dysphagia.
2. A nurse working in a mobile health clinic is assessing a migrant farm worker. What finding should the nurse identify as a priority?
- A. Report of fatigue and fever
- B. Report of muscle twitching and skin rash
- C. Report of blurred vision
- D. Report of nasal congestion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Muscle twitching and a skin rash may indicate exposure to pesticides, which requires immediate intervention due to potential toxicity. Fatigue and fever (Choice A) are non-specific symptoms that may indicate various conditions but do not directly indicate pesticide exposure. Blurred vision (Choice C) and nasal congestion (Choice D) are also non-specific symptoms and are less likely to be related to pesticide exposure compared to muscle twitching and a skin rash.
3. When teaching a client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus about foot care, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Soak your feet in hot water every day.
- B. Apply lotion between your toes.
- C. Inspect your feet daily.
- D. Use over-the-counter products to remove corns.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Inspecting the feet daily is crucial for clients with diabetes mellitus to detect early signs of injury or infection promptly. This practice helps prevent serious complications such as diabetic foot ulcers. Soaking feet in hot water daily can lead to skin dryness and increase the risk of injury. Applying lotion between toes can cause moisture buildup, leading to fungal infections. Using over-the-counter products to remove corns can result in skin damage and should be done under healthcare provider supervision.
4. A postpartum client who delivered a healthy newborn is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding would indicate a complication during the early postpartum period?
- A. Moderate lochia rubra
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Elevated blood pressure
- D. Uterine contraction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: An elevated blood pressure in the postpartum period may indicate the onset of preeclampsia, a serious complication that requires immediate medical attention. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and sometimes swelling in the hands and face. If left untreated, preeclampsia can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the baby. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare providers to closely monitor blood pressure levels in postpartum clients to promptly address any signs of preeclampsia. Choices A, B, and D are not indicative of a complication during the early postpartum period. Moderate lochia rubra is a normal finding as it indicates the normal discharge of blood and tissue from the uterus after childbirth. Bradycardia, a slow heart rate, is not typically a concern in the absence of other symptoms or signs of distress. Uterine contractions are essential for involution and are expected in the postpartum period.
5. The healthcare provider is preparing to assist in the care of a client who has just returned from coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Which is the priority action?
- A. Monitor the client's urine output.
- B. Check the client's surgical dressing.
- C. Measure the client's blood pressure.
- D. Assess the client's level of consciousness.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Assessing the client's level of consciousness is the priority action post-CABG surgery to monitor for signs of cerebral hypoxia or other complications that require immediate intervention. Changes in the client's level of consciousness can indicate neurological deterioration, which is critical to address promptly in this postoperative period. Monitoring urine output, checking surgical dressing, and measuring blood pressure are important aspects of postoperative care but assessing the client's level of consciousness takes precedence as it provides crucial information about the client's neurological status and the need for urgent intervention.
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