ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment A
1. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a sealed radiation implant and is to remain in the hospital for one week. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Remove dirty linens from the room after double-bagging them
- B. Wear a dosimeter film badge while in the client’s room
- C. Limit each visitor to one hour per day
- D. Ensure family members remain at least 3 feet from the client
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to wear a dosimeter film badge while in the client's room. Wearing a dosimeter helps monitor the cumulative radiation exposure of healthcare workers, ensuring their safety during care. Removing dirty linens, limiting visitor time, and maintaining a distance from the client are not directly related to radiation safety measures and are not necessary in this scenario.
2. What side effect should be monitored for in a patient with chronic heart failure taking spironolactone?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hyponatremia
- D. Hypernatremia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyperkalemia. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic commonly used in patients with heart failure. One of the potential side effects of spironolactone therapy is hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood. Hyperkalemia can lead to serious cardiac arrhythmias, making it crucial for healthcare providers to monitor potassium levels closely. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hypokalemia (low potassium levels), hyponatremia (low sodium levels), and hypernatremia (high sodium levels) are not typically associated with spironolactone use in patients with chronic heart failure.
3. A client who has a new prosthesis for an above-the-knee amputation of the right leg needs teaching on its use. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Wear the prosthesis for 2 hours at a time
- B. Remove the prosthesis every other day
- C. Apply the prosthesis immediately upon waking each day
- D. Elevate the stump for 24 hours after applying the prosthesis
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction is to apply the prosthesis immediately upon waking each day. This helps the client adjust to and maintain mobility. Choice A is incorrect because wearing the prosthesis for only 2 hours at a time may not be sufficient for proper adjustment. Choice B is incorrect as removing the prosthesis every other day is not a standard practice and may hinder the client's mobility. Choice D is incorrect because elevating the stump for 24 hours after applying the prosthesis is unnecessary and not a recommended practice.
4. A client in the second trimester of pregnancy asks how to treat constipation. Which of the following should the nurse recommend?
- A. Decrease intake of vitamins and supplements to every other day
- B. Eat 15 g of fiber per day
- C. Consume 48 ounces of water daily
- D. Drink hot water with lemon juice each morning
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drink hot water with lemon juice each morning. Drinking hot water with lemon juice can help stimulate bowel movements, making it a natural and safe recommendation for pregnant clients experiencing constipation. Choice A is incorrect because reducing vitamin and supplement intake may not directly address constipation. Choice B, eating 15 g of fiber per day, could be helpful but may not be as effective as the correct answer for immediate relief. Choice C, consuming 48 ounces of water daily, is essential for overall health but may not be as directly effective as the correct answer in alleviating constipation.
5. What lifestyle change should be emphasized for a client with hypertension?
- A. Increase intake of dairy products
- B. Reduce caffeine and sodium intake
- C. Eat carbohydrate-rich meals
- D. Limit intake of leafy green vegetables
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct lifestyle change that should be emphasized for a client with hypertension is to reduce caffeine and sodium intake. Caffeine can temporarily raise blood pressure, and high sodium intake is linked to increased blood pressure levels. Therefore, reducing these two components can help manage blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing intake of dairy products, consuming carbohydrate-rich meals, and limiting intake of leafy green vegetables do not specifically address the factors that contribute to high blood pressure in hypertension.
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