Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is caring for a client who is being discharged home following a cerebrovascular accident. Which of the following documents should the nurse plan to include with the discharge report?

• A. List of prescribed medications
• B. Potential complications to report
• C. Family contact details
• D. Dietary restrictions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Potential complications to report. Including potential complications in the discharge report is crucial for ensuring proper follow-up care. This information helps the client and their caregivers to be aware of warning signs that may indicate a worsening condition or the need for immediate medical attention. Choices A, C, and D are important aspects of discharge planning, but providing a list of potential complications to report takes precedence as it directly impacts the client's safety and well-being post-discharge.

2. A client has hypoglycemia and is conscious. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Administer glucagon IM
• B. Give the client 4 oz of fruit juice
• C. Provide the client with peanut butter
• D. Give the client 1 L of water

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In conscious clients with hypoglycemia, the most appropriate action is to provide a rapidly absorbed carbohydrate source like fruit juice to raise blood glucose levels quickly. Administering glucagon intramuscularly (IM) is usually reserved for unconscious clients or those who are unable to take oral glucose. Providing peanut butter or water would not rapidly address the hypoglycemic state as fruit juice would.

3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has fluid volume deficit about selecting foods that have a high water content. The nurse should include that which of the following raw foods contains the highest amount of water per 1 cup serving?

• A. Cherry tomatoes
• B. Potatoes
• C. Spinach
• D. Cucumber slices

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, cucumber slices. Cucumbers have the highest water content per 1 cup serving among raw vegetables, making them an excellent choice for a client with fluid volume deficit. Cherry tomatoes (choice A), potatoes (choice B), and spinach (choice C) do not have as high water content as cucumbers and therefore are not the best choice for increasing fluid intake.

4. A client with multiple fractures following a motor-vehicle crash is struggling with opening a milk carton. Which of the following client statements should the nurse recommend a referral to an occupational therapist?

• A. I can't brush my teeth properly
• B. I am so frustrated I can't open my milk carton
• C. I can't hold a pencil
• D. I can't write anymore

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Struggling to open a milk carton indicates difficulty with fine motor skills and activities of daily living. This statement suggests a need for assistance from an occupational therapist to improve hand strength, coordination, and independence in performing essential tasks. Choices A, C, and D do not directly relate to the need for occupational therapy services in this context. In contrast, the inability to open a milk carton highlights specific challenges that occupational therapy can address effectively.

5. What are the nursing priorities for a patient experiencing an asthma exacerbation?

• A. Administer a bronchodilator
• B. Encourage deep breathing
• C. Provide oxygen therapy
• D. Monitor oxygen saturation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct nursing priority for a patient experiencing an asthma exacerbation is to administer a bronchodilator. Bronchodilators help in relieving bronchoconstriction and improving breathing. While encouraging deep breathing, providing oxygen therapy, and monitoring oxygen saturation are essential aspects of managing asthma exacerbation, the priority is to administer a bronchodilator to address the acute bronchoconstriction.

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