ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Practice Test
1. During an assessment, a client taking valproic acid exhibits elevated liver enzymes. What finding should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Elevated liver enzymes
- B. Weight loss
- C. Dry mouth
- D. Increased appetite
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Elevated liver enzymes are a critical finding that the nurse should report to the provider when assessing a client taking valproic acid. It can be indicative of hepatotoxicity, a severe side effect associated with valproic acid use. Timely reporting and intervention are essential to prevent further complications and ensure the client's safety and well-being. Choices B, C, and D are not directly related to valproic acid use or the manifestation of hepatotoxicity. Weight loss, dry mouth, and increased appetite are not typically associated with elevated liver enzymes in the context of valproic acid administration.
2. A healthcare professional is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following interventions should the healthcare professional recommend?
- A. Suction the airway every hour
- B. Keep the head of the bed at 30 degrees
- C. Change the ventilator tubing every day
- D. Administer a bronchodilator every 2 hours
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to keep the head of the bed at 30 degrees. This position helps reduce the risk of aspiration and improves ventilation. Suctioning the airway every hour may lead to mucosal damage and increase the risk of infection. Changing the ventilator tubing every day is not necessary unless there are specific indications to do so, as it can increase the risk of contamination and infection. Administering a bronchodilator every 2 hours is not a standard practice and should be done based on the client's individualized treatment plan.
3. In which individual does negative nitrogen balance occur?
- A. Adult who engages in a weight-training program.
- B. Woman who is pregnant or lactating.
- C. Child who is growing.
- D. Older adult with anorexia.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Negative nitrogen balance occurs when the body loses more nitrogen than it gains. This imbalance is often seen in conditions like anorexia in older adults, where insufficient protein intake leads to muscle breakdown and negative nitrogen balance. Choices A, B, and C do not typically lead to negative nitrogen balance as seen in anorexia in older adults.
4. A charge nurse is making assignments for the upcoming shift. What assignment should the charge nurse give to an LPN?
- A. A client who requires complex medication management
- B. A client who has dehydration and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- C. A client needing assessment of a new diagnosis
- D. A client requiring a nursing care plan update
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct assignment for an LPN would be a client who has dehydration and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This choice is appropriate because it involves monitoring the client's condition, providing basic care, and assisting with activities of daily living, which align with the scope of practice for LPNs. Choices A, C, and D involve tasks that are more complex and require a higher level of nursing education and training, making them less suitable for an LPN.
5. One of the participants in a hilot training class asked you to whom she should refer a patient in labor who develops a complication. You will answer, to the:
- A. Public health nurse
- B. Rural health midwife
- C. Municipal health officer
- D. Any of these health professionals
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In the context of a patient in labor developing a complication, it is essential to refer them to a Municipal Health Officer. While a public health nurse and rural health midwife can provide care during normal childbirth, a physician, such as the Municipal Health Officer, should attend to a woman with a complication during labor. Therefore, the correct choice is the Municipal Health Officer as they are trained to handle complications that may arise during childbirth.
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