ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. A nurse in a long-term care facility is reviewing information about health care-associated infections with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Frequent hand washing prevents infection
- B. Prolonged use of corticosteroids increases infection risk
- C. Limit patient interaction to reduce infection spread
- D. Restrict client movement to prevent contamination
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because prolonged use of corticosteroids is a known risk factor for infections. Choice A is incorrect because frequent hand washing actually helps prevent infections. Choice C is incorrect as patient interaction is essential in healthcare but should be done following proper infection control measures. Choice D is also incorrect as restricting client movement is not a standard practice to prevent contamination.
2. What is the role of a nurse in managing a patient with kidney disease?
- A. Monitor blood pressure and provide dietary education
- B. Monitor urine output and provide IV fluids
- C. Administer diuretics and restrict fluid intake
- D. Monitor for cardiac arrhythmias and provide dialysis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Nurses play a crucial role in managing patients with kidney disease by monitoring blood pressure and providing essential dietary education. This helps in maintaining kidney function and overall health. Choice B is incorrect because monitoring urine output and providing IV fluids are tasks usually performed by healthcare providers such as physicians or specialized staff. Choice C is incorrect as administering diuretics and restricting fluid intake are typically prescribed by a physician, and nurses may assist in monitoring the effects. Choice D is incorrect as monitoring for cardiac arrhythmias and providing dialysis are tasks that are usually overseen by healthcare providers with specialized training in cardiology and nephrology.
3. A client undergoing chemotherapy for cancer is being taught about potential adverse effects of the treatment. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will avoid drinking water before meals
- B. I might experience hair loss during treatment
- C. I might experience an increase in appetite
- D. I should expect my appetite to increase
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hair loss is a common adverse effect of chemotherapy. Options A, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding drinking water before meals, experiencing an increase in appetite, or expecting appetite to increase are not related to the potential adverse effects of chemotherapy.
4. A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who is 4 hr postoperative following perforated appendicitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Offer small amounts of clear liquids 6 hr following surgery.
- B. Give cromolyn nebulizer solution every 6 hr.
- C. Apply a warm compress to the operative site every 4 hr.
- D. Administer analgesics on a scheduled basis for the first 24 hr.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Administering analgesics on a scheduled basis for the first 24 hours is crucial to ensure adequate pain control in the immediate postoperative period. Choice A is incorrect because clear liquids are typically initiated gradually and advanced as tolerated but not specifically at 6 hours post-surgery. Choice B is incorrect as cromolyn nebulizer solution is not indicated for postoperative pain management in this scenario. Choice C is incorrect as applying a warm compress may not be appropriate for the operative site after appendicitis surgery and can potentially increase the risk of infection.
5. Which lifestyle change should be emphasized for a client with hypertension?
- A. Increase sodium intake to prevent fluid retention
- B. Reduce sodium and caffeine intake
- C. Increase protein intake to promote muscle strength
- D. Increase intake of high-fat foods
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Reduce sodium and caffeine intake.' Clients with hypertension benefit from reducing sodium intake as it can help lower blood pressure levels. Caffeine also has a vasoconstrictive effect, which can increase blood pressure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing sodium intake would exacerbate hypertension due to fluid retention. While protein intake is important for overall health, it is not a primary focus in managing hypertension. Increasing intake of high-fat foods can lead to weight gain and negatively impact heart health, which is counterproductive for someone with hypertension.
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