Nursing Elites

1. What is a major function of glucose?

• A. Produce energy.
• B. Transport oxygen to cells.
• C. Convert fat to glycogen.
• D. Maintain body weight.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Glucose serves as a primary source of energy for the body, especially for the brain and muscles. Choice B is incorrect because glucose itself is not responsible for transporting oxygen to cells. Choice C is incorrect as glucose is converted to glycogen, not the other way around. Choice D is incorrect as glucose itself does not play a direct role in maintaining body weight.

2. The interrelated network of nerves within the gastrointestinal wall that regulates its muscular action is known as the:

• A. gastric nerve plexus.
• B. biliary nerve plexus.
• C. intramural nerve plexus.
• D. intestinal nerve plexus.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C - intramural nerve plexus. This network of nerves regulates the muscular movements within the gastrointestinal wall. The gastric nerve plexus (choice A) specifically relates to the stomach, not the entire gastrointestinal tract. The biliary nerve plexus (choice B) is associated with the bile ducts and gallbladder, not the regulation of muscular action. The intestinal nerve plexus (choice D) is a general term that doesn't specifically refer to the network of nerves within the gastrointestinal wall.

3. The Dietary Guidelines are published and revised by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in association with the:

• A. Department of Health and Human Services.
• B. National Institutes of Health.
• C. National Academy of Sciences.
• D. Food and Nutrition Board.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The U.S. Department of Agriculture collaborates with the Department of Health and Human Services to publish and revise the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. This collaboration ensures that the guidelines encompass both agricultural and health aspects. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly involved in the publication and revision of the Dietary Guidelines. The National Institutes of Health focuses on medical research, the National Academy of Sciences provides independent scientific advice, and the Food and Nutrition Board is a part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

4. What is one function of essential fatty acids?

• A. improve skin integrity.
• B. control lipid digestion.
• C. reduce blood clotting time.
• D. form chylomicrons.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Essential fatty acids play a crucial role in improving skin integrity by supporting the structure and function of cell membranes. This helps in maintaining healthy skin and promoting overall well-being. The other choices are incorrect because essential fatty acids do not directly control lipid digestion, reduce blood clotting time, or form chylomicrons.

5. In addition to protein, which nutrients contribute to the building and repair of tissue?

• A. Vitamins
• B. Carbohydrates
• C. Fats
• D. Enzymes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vitamins. Vitamins play a crucial role in tissue building and repair along with protein. Carbohydrates (choice B) are primarily a source of energy and not directly involved in tissue building. Fats (choice C) are important for energy storage and insulation but are not the main contributors to tissue building. Enzymes (choice D) are biological catalysts and do not directly contribute to tissue building and repair.

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