ATI LPN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. Why are diets that contain less than 10% of kcalories as fat not recommended?
- A. Intake of carbohydrates would not necessarily be too high.
- B. This would not necessarily require excessive use of fat replacers.
- C. The diet would not provide adequate essential fatty acids.
- D. Intake of essential fatty acids would be too low.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Diets that contain less than 10% of kcalories as fat are not recommended because they would lead to inadequate intake of essential fatty acids, which are crucial for various bodily functions like hormone production, brain function, and cell membrane structure. Option A is incorrect because reducing fat intake does not necessarily mean increasing carbohydrate intake excessively. Option B is incorrect as it introduces a new concept of using fat replacers, which is not directly related to the issue of essential fatty acid intake. Option C is incorrect as the primary concern with low-fat diets is the insufficiency of essential fatty acids, not the adequacy of them.
2. What are the potential complications of a patient receiving hemodialysis?
- A. Infection and hypotension
- B. Pulmonary embolism and fluid overload
- C. Blood clot formation and electrolyte imbalance
- D. Low blood pressure and nausea
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Question: What are the potential complications of a patient receiving hemodialysis? Rationale: Infection and hypotension are common complications in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Pulmonary embolism and fluid overload (Choice B) are less common complications associated with hemodialysis. Blood clot formation and electrolyte imbalance (Choice C) are also potential complications but are not as common as infection and hypotension. Low blood pressure and nausea (Choice D) can occur but are not as prevalent as infection and hypotension.
3. A patient with bipolar disorder is prescribed valproic acid. What is an important side effect for the nurse to monitor?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Liver toxicity
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Bradycardia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver toxicity. Valproic acid is known to potentially cause liver toxicity. Monitoring liver function tests regularly in patients taking valproic acid is crucial to detect any signs of liver damage early and prevent serious complications.
4. During a change-of-shift assessment, a nurse is evaluating four clients. Which finding should the nurse report to the provider first?
- A. Client with cystic fibrosis who has a thick productive cough and reports thirst
- B. Client with gastroenteritis who is lethargic and confused
- C. Client with diabetes mellitus who has a morning fasting glucose of 185 mg/dL
- D. Client with sickle cell anemia who reports pain 15 minutes after receiving analgesic
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should report the client with gastroenteritis who is lethargic and confused to the provider first. Lethargy and confusion in a client with gastroenteritis may indicate dehydration or electrolyte imbalance, both of which can be life-threatening if not addressed promptly. The other options indicate important assessments that require intervention but do not pose an immediate life-threatening risk compared to the client with signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
5. When developing a care plan for a patient with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), which long-term goal is most appropriate?
- A. The patient will experience no episodes of anxiety.
- B. The patient will recognize and modify anxiety-provoking thoughts.
- C. The patient will avoid situations that cause anxiety.
- D. The patient will take medication as prescribed.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate long-term goal for managing generalized anxiety disorder is for the patient to recognize and modify anxiety-provoking thoughts. By addressing and modifying these thoughts, the patient can develop coping mechanisms and strategies to manage their anxiety more effectively in the long term. Choices A and C are not ideal long-term goals as complete elimination of anxiety episodes or avoidance of anxiety-provoking situations may not be realistic or sustainable. Choice D focuses solely on medication adherence, which is important but does not address the core cognitive-behavioral aspects of managing anxiety in GAD.
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