ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B
1. A community nurse is instructing a group of high school students about the transmission of hepatitis A. Which mode of transmission should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Sexual contact
- B. Airborne droplets
- C. Fecal-oral
- D. Bloodborne
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fecal-oral. Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often from consuming contaminated food or water. Choice A, sexual contact, is not a typical mode of transmission for hepatitis A. Choice B, airborne droplets, is more characteristic of diseases like influenza or tuberculosis. Choice D, bloodborne transmission, is more relevant to hepatitis B and C, not hepatitis A.
2. A nurse is caring for a client recovering from bowel surgery who has a nasogastric (NG) tube connected to low intermittent suction. Which of the following assessment findings should indicate to the nurse that the NG tube may not be functioning properly?
- A. Drainage fluid is greenish-yellow
- B. Aspirate pH of 3
- C. Abdominal rigidity
- D. Air bubbles noted in the NG tube
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Abdominal rigidity can indicate a serious complication, such as a blockage or infection, requiring immediate intervention to determine if the NG tube is functioning properly. Choices A, B, and D are not indicative of a malfunctioning NG tube. Greenish-yellow drainage fluid may be normal, an aspirate pH of 3 is within the expected range for gastric contents, and air bubbles in the NG tube are not abnormal as long as they are moving.
3. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning was originally intended as a meal-planning tool for people who have:
- A. cancer.
- B. diabetes.
- C. hypertension.
- D. heart disease.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: diabetes. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning were originally created to assist individuals with diabetes in managing their diet by providing a structured approach to balanced food exchanges. This system helps individuals regulate their blood sugar levels and maintain overall health. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Exchange Lists for Meal Planning were not primarily developed for individuals with cancer, hypertension, or heart disease.
4. What is the difference between mediation and binding arbitration based on the statement provided?
- A. Mediation is sanctioned by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to formally discuss concerns with management and labor
- B. Mediation uses a trained person to facilitate negotiations without making a final decision
- C. Binding arbitration is a formal process where an arbitrator's decision is final and must be adhered to by both parties
- D. Binding arbitration requires both labor and management to engage in discussions to find the least harmful resolution
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The key difference between mediation and binding arbitration lies in the finality of the decision. In binding arbitration, the arbitrator's decision is ultimate, and both parties are obligated to comply with it. This differs from mediation, where a neutral third party facilitates negotiations but does not make a final decision. Choice A is incorrect as mediation is not necessarily sanctioned by the NLRB; it can be conducted independently. Choice B is incorrect because mediation does not involve a final decision-maker but focuses on facilitating discussions. Choice D is incorrect as binding arbitration does not aim to find the least harmful resolution but rather a final and binding decision by the arbitrator.
5. A client has been prescribed metoclopramide. Which of the following should the nurse include in client education regarding this medication?
- A. Notify your provider if you experience restlessness or spasms of the face or neck.
- B. Take the medication only if you feel nauseous.
- C. Avoid drinking any fluids while taking this medication.
- D. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Notify your provider if you experience restlessness or spasms of the face or neck.' Metoclopramide can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, such as restlessness and muscle spasms, particularly of the face and neck. These symptoms should be reported to the provider immediately. Choice B is incorrect because metoclopramide is not meant to be taken only when feeling nauseous; it is used to treat nausea and vomiting. Choice C is incorrect because it is important to stay hydrated while taking metoclopramide. Choice D is incorrect because metoclopramide is usually taken before meals to improve gastric emptying, not necessarily on an empty stomach.
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