ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Practice Questions
1. A client reports chest pain that is unrelieved by three doses of nitroglycerin taken 5 minutes apart. What is the nurse's next best action?
- A. Administer another dose of nitroglycerin.
- B. Call the healthcare provider immediately.
- C. Provide oxygen via nasal cannula.
- D. Place the client in a supine position.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the scenario described, the client's chest pain persists despite three doses of nitroglycerin, indicating a potentially severe cardiac issue like a myocardial infarction. The priority for the nurse in this situation is to involve the healthcare provider promptly. Calling the healthcare provider immediately is essential to ensure timely evaluation and appropriate intervention for the client. Administering more nitroglycerin without further assessment or instructions may not be safe and could delay necessary treatments. Providing oxygen or changing the client's position may offer some comfort but does not address the underlying potentially life-threatening condition, making these options less appropriate as the immediate next best action.
2. The nurse has completed the admission assessment of a client and has determined that the client's body mass index (BMI) is 33.5 kg/m2. What health promotion advice should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. It would be very helpful if you could integrate more physical activity into your routine.
- B. You're considered to be overweight, so you should be diligent about maintaining a healthy diet.
- C. You might want to consider some of the surgical options that have been developed for treating obesity.
- D. With your permission, I'd like you to refer to a support group for individuals who live with severe obesity.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Increasing physical activity is a key component of managing BMI and overall health.
3. A nurse is completing a dietary assessment for a client who observes kosher dietary practices. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse expect?
- A. Leavened bread may be eaten during Passover
- B. Shellfish is commonly consumed in the diet
- C. Meat and dairy products are eaten separately
- D. Fasting from meat occurs during Hanukkah
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Meat and dairy products are eaten separately.' In kosher dietary practices, it is essential to keep meat and dairy products separate. Mixing meat and dairy is prohibited, and there are specific guidelines for the preparation and consumption of each. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is wrong because leavened bread is not eaten during Passover in kosher practices. Choice B is incorrect as shellfish is not consumed in a kosher diet. Choice D is also inaccurate as fasting from meat does not occur during Hanukkah in kosher dietary practices.
4. An antepartum client is Rh negative and understands that she will receive a RhoGAM injection during her pregnancy. The client asks the nurse if she will also receive a RhoGAM injection after the birth of her baby. The client will receive RhoGAM after the birth if blood tests are:
- A. Mother Rh positive; baby Rh negative
- B. Mother Rh negative; Coombs positive; baby Rh negative
- C. Mother Rh positive; Coombs negative; baby Rh positive
- D. Mother Rh negative; Coombs negative; baby Rh positive
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. If the baby is Rh positive and the mother is Rh negative, the mother may develop antibodies against the baby's blood. RhoGAM is administered to prevent the mother's immune system from becoming sensitized to Rh-positive blood. Therefore, the mother, who is Rh negative, will receive RhoGAM after birth if the baby is Rh positive and both the mother and baby have negative Coombs tests. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not match the criteria for RhoGAM administration in this scenario.
5. When does the onset of type 2 diabetes typically occur?
- A. Occurs after pubertal onset in the majority of cases
- B. Occurs due to parental financial status
- C. Occurs in childhood
- D. Occurs after giving birth
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The onset of type 2 diabetes typically occurs after pubertal onset. It is more commonly diagnosed in adulthood, although it can also develop in younger individuals. Factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and obesity play a significant role in the development of type 2 diabetes.
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