ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology
1. Prior to a dipyridamole thallium scan, what substance should the LPN/LVN ensure the client has not consumed?
- A. Caffeine
- B. Fatty meal
- C. Excess sugar
- D. Milk products
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Caffeine should be avoided before a dipyridamole thallium scan as it can interfere with the test results. Caffeine is a stimulant that can affect the heart rate and may lead to inaccurate findings during the scan. Fatty meals, excess sugar, and milk products do not specifically interfere with the dipyridamole thallium scan procedure. Therefore, it is essential for the LPN/LVN to check and ensure that the client has not consumed caffeine prior to the procedure to obtain accurate diagnostic results.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has coronary artery disease (CAD) and is receiving aspirin therapy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. History of gastrointestinal bleeding
- B. Prothrombin time of 12 seconds
- C. Platelet count of 180,000/mm³
- D. Creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: History of gastrointestinal bleeding. Aspirin therapy is contraindicated in clients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding because aspirin can further increase the risk of bleeding. Option B, prothrombin time of 12 seconds, is within the normal range and does not indicate a concern related to aspirin therapy. Option C, platelet count of 180,000/mm³, is also within the normal range and does not suggest a need for reporting to the provider in the context of aspirin therapy. Option D, creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL, is within the normal range and is not directly related to aspirin therapy in this scenario.
3. A client with preeclampsia is receiving magnesium sulfate. Which finding indicates magnesium toxicity?
- A. Decreased deep tendon reflexes
- B. Increased blood pressure
- C. Tachypnea
- D. Hyperreflexia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased deep tendon reflexes. In a client receiving magnesium sulfate for preeclampsia, decreased deep tendon reflexes indicate magnesium toxicity. Magnesium toxicity can lead to respiratory depression and other serious complications, requiring immediate intervention. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because increased blood pressure, tachypnea, and hyperreflexia are not typical findings associated with magnesium toxicity.
4. A client with a history of chronic alcohol abuse is at risk for which of the following conditions?
- A. Liver cirrhosis
- B. Renal failure
- C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- D. Peptic ulcer disease
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to liver cirrhosis due to long-term liver damage. Alcohol consumption over time can cause inflammation and scarring of the liver, eventually leading to cirrhosis. This condition can severely impact liver function and may progress to liver failure if not addressed.
5. In immunization, which of the following measures is considered the most effective in controlling the occurrence of diseases?
- A. Immunization coverage
- B. Cold chain
- C. Potency of vaccines
- D. Health education
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Immunization coverage is the proportion of the target population that has been immunized. To control the occurrence of diseases effectively, it is crucial that a high percentage of the population is immunized. This not only protects individuals but also helps in achieving herd immunity, reducing the spread of diseases within the community. Therefore, ensuring high immunization coverage is a key strategy in disease prevention and control.
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