ATI LPN
ATI Pediatric Medications Test
1. A 2-year-old client is admitted for an acute asthma episode. The hospital provides family-centered care. In explaining the program to the parents, the nurse would explain that the parents are:
- A. Required to implement all personal hygiene care for their child.
- B. Encouraged to be as involved with the child's care as they are comfortable being.
- C. Requested to administer all oral medications.
- D. Expected to be present at the child's bedside.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Family-centered care involves encouraging parents to actively participate in their child's care based on their comfort level. This approach promotes collaboration between healthcare providers and families, enhancing the quality of care and ensuring the family's involvement in decision-making. Choice A is incorrect because parents are encouraged to participate, not required to implement all personal hygiene care. Choice C is incorrect as it implies a specific action rather than the broader concept of involvement. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses solely on physical presence rather than active participation in care.
2. Which of the following is a more reliable indicator of perfusion in children than in adults?
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Heart rate
- C. Respiratory rate
- D. Capillary refill
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Capillary refill is a more reliable indicator of perfusion in children than in adults. This is because children have more compliant vessels, making capillary refill a more sensitive indicator of perfusion status in this population. In contrast, while blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate are important indicators, they may not be as reliable in children as capillary refill. Blood pressure can be affected by various factors such as anxiety or pain, heart rate can be influenced by emotions or temperature, and respiratory rate may vary with activity levels. Therefore, capillary refill is preferred in children for a more accurate assessment of perfusion.
3. A client who is 38 weeks pregnant with herpes simplex virus is admitted to labor and delivery. What question should the nurse ask?
- A. Do you have any active lesions?
- B. Have your membranes ruptured?
- C. How far apart are your contractions?
- D. Are you positive for beta strep?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct question the nurse should ask the client who is 38 weeks pregnant with herpes simplex virus is 'Do you have any active lesions?' This is crucial because active herpes lesions may necessitate a cesarean delivery to prevent neonatal infection. Choice B, 'Have your membranes ruptured?' is related to assessing for the rupture of membranes, not specific to the client's herpes infection. Choice C, 'How far apart are your contractions?' is related to monitoring labor progress. Choice D, 'Are you positive for beta strep?' is related to group B streptococcus screening, which is important but not the priority in this scenario.
4. The community health nurse is working in a multi-ethnic health center. In what situation should the nurse intervene?
- A. An Asian-American mother reports using cupping to treat an infection, resulting in a pattern of red round marks on her toddler's back.
- B. A Hispanic pregnant client who is often late for appointments arrives late for today's appointment.
- C. A Native-American individual being interviewed will not make direct eye contact when asked about violence in the home.
- D. An African-American infant who is spitting up milk has lost 6 ounces since last week's clinic visit.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because losing weight in an infant, especially when combined with spitting up milk, requires immediate intervention to address potential health concerns. Choice A deals with a cultural practice that may not necessarily pose an immediate health risk. Choice B, while important, does not present an immediate health threat. Choice C relates to cultural differences in communication and does not necessarily indicate a need for immediate intervention in terms of health.
5. How should a healthcare professional assess a patient with a suspected infection?
- A. Monitor temperature and check for elevated white blood cells
- B. Monitor blood pressure and check for fever
- C. Assess for changes in mental status and monitor urine output
- D. Administer antibiotics and monitor for changes in mental status
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When assessing a patient with a suspected infection, it is crucial to monitor temperature and check for elevated white blood cells. Elevated temperature indicates a potential infection, and increased white blood cells are a sign of inflammation and the body's response to an infection. Monitoring blood pressure (choice B) and checking for fever (choice B) are not as specific indicators of infection as monitoring temperature and white blood cell count. Assessing changes in mental status and monitoring urine output (choice C) are important aspects of patient assessment but may not directly indicate a suspected infection. Administering antibiotics (choice D) should only be done after a confirmed diagnosis of a bacterial infection, as unnecessary antibiotic use can lead to antibiotic resistance and other adverse effects.
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