ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 with NGN
1. What are the key components of a neurological assessment?
- A. Assess level of consciousness and motor function
- B. Check for headache and nausea
- C. Monitor reflexes and pupil size
- D. Assess for tremors and confusion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A neurological assessment includes evaluating the level of consciousness and motor function as they are key components in assessing neurological function. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as headache, nausea, reflexes, pupil size, tremors, and confusion may be part of a neurological assessment but are not the key components that are fundamental for a comprehensive assessment.
2. Which lifestyle change should be emphasized for a client with hypertension?
- A. Increase sodium intake to prevent fluid retention
- B. Reduce sodium and caffeine intake
- C. Increase protein intake to promote muscle strength
- D. Increase intake of high-fat foods
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Reduce sodium and caffeine intake.' Clients with hypertension benefit from reducing sodium intake as it can help lower blood pressure levels. Caffeine also has a vasoconstrictive effect, which can increase blood pressure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing sodium intake would exacerbate hypertension due to fluid retention. While protein intake is important for overall health, it is not a primary focus in managing hypertension. Increasing intake of high-fat foods can lead to weight gain and negatively impact heart health, which is counterproductive for someone with hypertension.
3. A nurse is performing vision testing for a client following a head injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a problem with pupil accommodation?
- A. Pupils constrict when shifting gaze from near to far
- B. Pupils constrict when shifting gaze from far to near
- C. Lack of change in pupil size when shifting gaze from near to far
- D. Lack of change in pupil size when shifting gaze from far to near
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Pupil accommodation problems are indicated by the lack of change in size when shifting gaze from far to near. The correct answer is D because in pupil accommodation, the pupils should constrict when shifting gaze from far to near in order to adjust for near vision. Choices A and B describe normal responses of pupil constriction when shifting gaze, which do not indicate a problem. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a normal response of pupil size change when shifting gaze from near to far.
4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about cane use for a client with left-leg weakness. What should the nurse instruct the client to do?
- A. Use the cane on the weak side
- B. Maintain two points of support on the ground at all times
- C. Advance the cane 30 to 45 cm with each step
- D. Advance the cane and the strong leg simultaneously
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintain two points of support on the ground at all times. When using a cane for left-leg weakness, the client should hold the cane in the right hand and advance the cane and the weak leg simultaneously. This technique provides the necessary support and stability. Option A is incorrect because the cane should be used on the side opposite the weakness to provide support. Option C is incorrect as advancing the cane too far with each step may cause the client to lose balance. Option D is incorrect because advancing the cane and the strong leg simultaneously does not provide the needed support for the weakened leg.
5. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Tourette syndrome. The client reports taking haloperidol 0.5 mL orally three times a day at home. Which of the following components of the prescription should the nurse question?
- A. Frequency
- B. Dosage
- C. Timing of doses
- D. Route
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should question the dosage of haloperidol as it is typically administered in milligrams (mg) and not milliliters (mL). The dosage should be expressed in a standardized unit for accuracy and to prevent medication errors. Frequency, timing of doses, and route are also important components of a prescription, but in this case, the nurse should focus on the unusual dosage form.
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