ATI LPN
LPN Pediatrics
1. You arrive at a residence shortly after a 4-year-old boy experienced an apparent febrile seizure. The child is alert and crying. His skin is flushed, hot, and moist. His mother tells you that the seizure lasted about 2 minutes. You should:
- A. provide supportive care and transport.
- B. give him acetaminophen or ibuprofen.
- C. begin rapid cooling measures at once.
- D. allow the mother to take her child to the doctor.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: After a febrile seizure, the recommended course of action is to provide supportive care and transport the child to a medical facility. Supportive care may include ensuring a safe environment, monitoring the child, and seeking medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause of the seizure and appropriate management.
2. How can a healthcare professional reduce the risk of falls in elderly patients?
- A. Encourage the use of assistive devices.
- B. Clear walkways.
- C. Ensure proper lighting.
- D. All of the above.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: All of these interventions are crucial in reducing the risk of falls in elderly patients. Encouraging the use of assistive devices helps provide support and stability, clearing walkways minimizes tripping hazards, and ensuring proper lighting enhances visibility and reduces the chances of falls. Therefore, choosing 'All of the above' is the most appropriate answer as each intervention plays a significant role in fall prevention.
3. What is the priority in managing a client diagnosed with delirium?
- A. Administer anti-anxiety medication
- B. Identify any underlying causes of delirium
- C. Reduce environmental stimulation to calm the client
- D. Encourage deep breathing exercises
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The priority in managing a client diagnosed with delirium is to identify any underlying causes. Delirium can be caused by various factors such as infections, medications, or metabolic imbalances. By determining the root cause, healthcare providers can address the issue effectively and tailor the treatment plan accordingly. Administering anti-anxiety medication (Choice A) may help manage symptoms but does not address the underlying cause of delirium. Similarly, reducing environmental stimulation (Choice C) and encouraging deep breathing exercises (Choice D) may provide some relief, but they do not target the primary concern of identifying and addressing the underlying causes of delirium.
4. A nurse is teaching a group of clients about the risk factors for osteoporosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as a risk factor for osteoporosis?
- A. Early menopause
- B. History of falls
- C. African American race
- D. Obesity
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Early menopause. A client who goes into early menopause, from natural or surgical causes, is at greater risk for developing osteoporosis due to the rapid drop in estrogen levels. Choice B, history of falls, is not a direct risk factor for osteoporosis but can lead to fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. Choice C, African American race, is actually associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis compared to Caucasian or Asian descent. Choice D, obesity, is generally considered a protective factor against osteoporosis due to the increased mechanical loading on bones.
5. During prenatal consultation, a client asked you if she can have her delivery at home. After history taking and physical examination, you advised her against a home delivery. Which of the following findings disqualifies her for a home delivery?
- A. Her OB score is G5P3
- B. She has some palmar pallor
- C. Her blood pressure is 130/80
- D. Her baby is in cephalic presentation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. An OB score of G5P3 indicates that the client has had five pregnancies and three live births, making her ineligible for a home delivery. Typically, women with fewer pregnancies are considered better candidates for home deliveries due to lower risks. Additionally, primigravidas are usually advised to deliver at a medical facility for their first pregnancy.
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