Nursing Elites

1. Why is critical thinking necessary for identifying and understanding paradigms that exist in nursing practice?

• A. Critical thinking allows for the nurse to make superficial decisions.
• B. Critical thinking allows the nurse to thoroughly examine situations and issues.
• C. Critical thinking provides the nurse with quick answers.
• D. Critical thinking allows the nurse to accept information without needing to check its validity.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Critical thinking is essential for nurses to identify and understand paradigms in nursing practice because it enables them to thoroughly examine complex situations and issues. By critically analyzing information and considering various perspectives, nurses can gain a deeper understanding of the underlying paradigms that shape nursing practice. This thorough examination helps nurses make informed decisions and provide high-quality care to patients. Choice A is incorrect because critical thinking involves deeper analysis, not superficial decisions. Choice C is incorrect because critical thinking does not provide quick answers; it involves a systematic and thoughtful approach. Choice D is incorrect because critical thinking encourages nurses to question information and verify its validity rather than accepting it blindly.

2. When demonstrating therapeutic use of self, which nursing intervention is the nurse performing?

• A. Sitting with a dying patient
• B. Attending class
• C. Studying for a test
• D. Learning the nursing code of ethics

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sitting with a dying patient. Therapeutic use of self in nursing involves the nurse's ability to establish a caring and compassionate relationship with patients. Sitting with a dying patient allows the nurse to provide emotional support, physical presence, and comfort, demonstrating the use of self in a therapeutic manner. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly involve the nurse's interaction with a patient in a therapeutic manner.

3. The nurse overhears a physician yelling at a newly hired graduate nurse in the hall. What is the nurse's best caring response?

• A. Yell at the physician for yelling at a new graduate and report the incident to the supervisor.
• B. Wait until the situation ends and comfort the graduate privately.
• C. Suggest that the physician take a quieter and more private approach to the problem.
• D. Ignore the situation to avoid embarrassing the graduate further.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Suggesting a quieter and more private approach to the problem is the best caring response as it addresses the issue respectfully. This response shows empathy towards the graduate nurse and also aims to improve the situation without escalating it further. Choice A is not ideal as responding to yelling with yelling can exacerbate the situation and create more tension. Choice B, while offering comfort, does not directly address the inappropriate behavior of the physician. Choice D is not recommended as ignoring the situation may not help the graduate nurse and can lead to the continuation of inappropriate behavior without intervention.

4. A healthcare provider is caring for a patient who is to receive an antibiotic drug that causes severe skin damage when infiltrated. The order reads 'Infuse over one hour by port-a-cath.' When the healthcare provider assesses the personal digital assistant that lists the steps to access a port-a-cath, which type of computer software is being used?

• A. Data management
• B. Electronic health records
• C. Point-of-care technology
• D. Telehealth

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Point-of-care technology refers to the use of devices like personal digital assistants that allow healthcare providers to access and input data directly at the patient's bedside. It aids in providing timely and accurate information for patient care management. In this scenario, the healthcare provider is using the personal digital assistant for immediate access to information on accessing a port-a-cath, demonstrating the use of point-of-care technology. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because data management typically involves organizing and storing data, electronic health records focus on patient health information management, and telehealth involves providing healthcare services remotely, none of which directly apply to the situation described.

5. What is essential for student nurses to perform at their physical and emotional best?

• A. Engaging in adequate exercise.
• B. Eating plenty of carbohydrates the day before.
• C. Drinking caffeinated beverages before clinical.
• D. Studying late into the night to be prepared.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To perform at their physical and emotional best, it is essential for student nurses to engage in adequate exercise. Regular physical activity not only helps maintain physical health but also contributes to emotional well-being, which is crucial for optimal clinical performance. Exercise can help reduce stress, improve mood, increase energy levels, and enhance overall cognitive function, all of which are essential for students to perform effectively in clinical settings. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Eating plenty of carbohydrates the day before, drinking caffeinated beverages before clinical, and studying late into the night may not necessarily lead to optimal physical and emotional performance. While nutrition is important, a balanced diet is more effective than simply focusing on carbohydrates. Caffeinated beverages can lead to dehydration and interfere with sleep patterns, and studying late into the night can impair cognitive function and increase stress levels, which are counterproductive to performing at one's best.

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