ATI LPN
ATI Community Health Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet
1. Which statistic can provide the most accurate reflection of the health status of a community?
- A. 1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate
- B. Infant mortality rate
- C. Swaroop’s index
- D. Crude death rate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Swaroop’s index is a valuable statistic that reflects the health status of a community by indicating the proportion of deaths aged 50 years and above. A higher Swaroop’s index signifies a greater proportion of individuals who lived at least 50 years before passing away. This metric provides insight into the overall health and longevity of a population, making it a more accurate reflection of community health compared to other mortality rates.
2. What are the nursing interventions for a patient with hypertension?
- A. Monitor blood pressure and educate the patient about lifestyle changes
- B. Administer antihypertensive medications and provide dietary education
- C. Provide regular monitoring of blood pressure and administer diuretics
- D. Provide regular blood glucose monitoring
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct nursing interventions for a patient with hypertension involve monitoring blood pressure and educating the patient about lifestyle changes. These interventions help in managing hypertension by keeping track of the patient's blood pressure readings and empowering them with knowledge to make lifestyle modifications such as adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, stress management, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Administering antihypertensive medications (choice B) is typically done by a healthcare provider rather than a nurse. While regular monitoring of blood pressure (choice C) is important, administering diuretics is a specific medical intervention that should be prescribed by a healthcare provider. Monitoring blood glucose (choice D) is more relevant for patients with diabetes rather than hypertension.
3. When educating a client with a new prescription for nitroglycerin, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Store the medication in a cool, dark place.
- B. Take the medication before bedtime.
- C. Take the medication with food.
- D. Take the medication at the first sign of chest pain.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for nitroglycerin is to take the medication at the first sign of chest pain. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to relieve chest pain associated with angina. Taking it at the onset of chest pain ensures prompt relief by dilating blood vessels and increasing blood flow to the heart muscle. Storing nitroglycerin in a cool, dark place helps maintain its potency, while taking it with food can alter its absorption. Timing the medication with bedtime is not necessary, but prompt administration at the first sign of chest pain is crucial for effective management of angina. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because storing the medication in a cool, dark place, taking it before bedtime, and taking it with food are not essential instructions for nitroglycerin use. The priority is to administer it promptly when chest pain occurs to achieve optimal therapeutic effects.
4. A healthcare provider is checking a newborn's vital signs. Which of the following methods of temperature measurement should the healthcare provider use?
- A. Rectal
- B. Axillary
- C. Oral
- D. Tympanic
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The axillary method is the most appropriate for newborns because it is non-invasive and safe. Rectal temperature measurement can be uncomfortable and poses a risk of injury, especially in newborns. Oral temperature measurement is not recommended for newborns due to their inability to cooperate and potential inaccuracies. Tympanic temperature measurement may not be as accurate in newborns compared to older children or adults.
5. A client is preparing advance directives. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of advance directives?
- A. I cannot change my instructions once they are made
- B. My doctor will need to approve my advance directives
- C. I need an attorney to witness my signature on the advance directives
- D. I have the right to refuse treatment
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'I have the right to refuse treatment.' This statement indicates an understanding of advance directives because advance directives allow individuals to express their treatment preferences, including the right to refuse treatment if they choose to do so. Choice A is incorrect because individuals can update or change their advance directives as needed. Choice B is incorrect because advance directives are based on the individual's preferences, not the doctor's approval. Choice C is incorrect as witnessing an advance directive typically requires a witness who is not an attorney, depending on the state's specific requirements.
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