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ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN
1. Which of the following interventions is NOT appropriate for a hospitalized adolescent?
- A. Allow the adolescent to assist with procedures when possible.
- B. Encourage them to discuss their thoughts and feelings about the hospitalization.
- C. Encourage them to remain in the room throughout the hospitalization to ensure adequate rest periods.
- D. Encourage peer visitation.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the adolescent to remain in the room throughout the hospitalization may lead to social isolation, hinder the adolescent's emotional well-being, and impede their recovery. It is essential for adolescents to have social interaction, engage in meaningful conversations, and receive support from peers to cope with the stress of hospitalization. Choices A, B, and D are appropriate interventions as they promote involvement in care, emotional expression, and social support, which are beneficial for the adolescent's overall well-being during hospitalization.
2. A healthcare professional is participating in the emergency care of a client who has just developed variceal bleeding. What intervention should the healthcare professional anticipate?
- A. Infusion of intravenous heparin
- B. IV administration of albumin
- C. STAT administration of vitamin K by the intramuscular route
- D. IV administration of octreotide
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct intervention for variceal bleeding is IV administration of octreotide. Octreotide helps control bleeding from varices by reducing portal blood flow and pressure, which is crucial in managing this emergency situation.
3. Which lifestyle change should be emphasized for a client with hypertension?
- A. Increase sodium intake to prevent fluid retention
- B. Reduce sodium and caffeine intake
- C. Increase protein intake to promote muscle strength
- D. Increase intake of high-fat foods
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Reduce sodium and caffeine intake.' Clients with hypertension benefit from reducing sodium intake as it can help lower blood pressure levels. Caffeine also has a vasoconstrictive effect, which can increase blood pressure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing sodium intake would exacerbate hypertension due to fluid retention. While protein intake is important for overall health, it is not a primary focus in managing hypertension. Increasing intake of high-fat foods can lead to weight gain and negatively impact heart health, which is counterproductive for someone with hypertension.
4. A home health nurse is preparing for an initial visit with an older adult client who lives alone. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Educate the client about their current medical diagnosis.
- B. Refer the client to a meal delivery program.
- C. Identify environmental hazards in the home.
- D. Arrange transportation for the client to follow-up appointments.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Identifying environmental hazards in the client's home is the priority during the initial visit with an older adult living alone. This action is crucial to prevent accidents, falls, and ensure the client's safety. While educating the client about their medical diagnosis, referring them to a meal delivery program, and arranging transportation for follow-up appointments are essential, addressing environmental hazards takes precedence as it directly impacts the client's immediate safety and well-being.
5. Why are bacteria found in the colon important?
- A. synthesize important vitamins.
- B. complete the process of absorption.
- C. synthesize some minerals.
- D. finish the process of digestion.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Bacteria found in the colon are important because they synthesize important vitamins, such as vitamin K. This aids in the body's overall health and functioning. Choice B is incorrect because absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the colon. Choice C is incorrect as the synthesis of minerals is not a primary function of colon bacteria. Choice D is incorrect as the digestion process mainly occurs in the stomach and small intestine.
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