Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a key strategy in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV?

• A. Exclusive breastfeeding
• B. Routine immunization
• C. Antiretroviral therapy
• D. Nutritional supplementation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Antiretroviral therapy is a crucial strategy in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. By providing antiretroviral medications to the mother during pregnancy, labor, and breastfeeding, the risk of transmitting the virus to the child is significantly reduced. This treatment approach has been shown to be highly effective in reducing the likelihood of HIV transmission from mother to child.

2. What is the primary focus of community health nursing?

• A. Individual patient care
• B. Hospital-based care
• C. Community-wide health promotion and disease prevention
• D. Specialized medical treatment

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Community health nursing primarily concentrates on promoting health and preventing diseases within the community. It involves working with the community as a whole to improve health outcomes and prevent illnesses through education, interventions, and collaborations. This approach differs from individual patient care, hospital-based services, or specialized medical treatments, as it aims to enhance the well-being of the entire community by addressing broader health issues and promoting preventive measures.

3. Which of the following interventions is an example of tertiary prevention?

• A. Vaccination campaigns
• B. Health education seminars
• C. Physical rehabilitation programs
• D. Early disease screening

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and improving the quality of life for individuals who already have a disease or condition. Physical rehabilitation programs fall under tertiary prevention as they aim to enhance functioning and reduce disability caused by ongoing illness or injury, thus aligning with the goal of tertiary prevention.

4. You are tasked with collecting data for nutritional assessment of a specific area. You will gather information solely from families with members who are part of the target population for Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM). Which method of data collection is most suitable for this purpose?

• A. Census
• B. Survey
• C. Record Review
• D. Review of civil registry

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A survey, specifically a sample survey, is the most appropriate method for gathering data about a sample of the population. In this scenario, focusing on families with members who are part of the target population for PEM requires collecting specific data from a subset of the overall population, making a survey the best choice for this purpose.

5. You are in a client’s home to attend to a delivery. Which of the following will you do first?

• A. Set up a sterile area
• B. Put on a clean gown and apron
• C. Cleanse the client’s vulva with soap and water
• D. Note the interval, duration and intensity of labor and contractions

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Assessment of the woman should be done first to determine whether she is having true labor and, if so, what stage of labor she is in.

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