Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a common sign of dehydration in infants?

• A. Frequent urination
• B. Sunken fontanelle
• C. Excessive drooling
• D. Increased appetite

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A sunken fontanelle is a common sign of dehydration in infants. The fontanelle is the soft spot on an infant's head where the skull bones have not yet fused. When an infant is dehydrated, the fontanelle can appear sunken or indented. It is important for caregivers and healthcare providers to recognize this sign promptly to ensure timely intervention and hydration for the infant.

2. What is the purpose of administering Vitamin K to newborns?

• A. To prevent jaundice
• B. To boost the immune system
• C. To prevent bleeding disorders
• D. To enhance bone development

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To prevent bleeding disorders. Newborns are born with low levels of Vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting. Administering Vitamin K helps prevent bleeding disorders in newborns.

3. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases?

• A. Antibiotic treatment
• B. Quarantine of infected individuals
• C. Vaccination
• D. Nutritional supplementation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases as it helps in developing immunity against specific pathogens, reducing the likelihood of infection and transmission within a population. Antibiotics are used to treat infections, not prevent their spread. Quarantine limits the contact of infected individuals but does not provide long-term prevention. Nutritional supplementation can support overall health but is not a primary method for preventing infectious diseases.

4. What is the primary goal of health education?

• A. To diagnose diseases
• B. To change behavior for improved health
• C. To provide emergency medical care
• D. To perform surgeries

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of health education is to empower individuals with knowledge and skills to make informed decisions and adopt behaviors that lead to improved health outcomes. It focuses on promoting healthy habits, disease prevention, and overall well-being.

5. You are tasked with collecting data for nutritional assessment of a specific area. You will gather information solely from families with members who are part of the target population for Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM). Which method of data collection is most suitable for this purpose?

• A. Census
• B. Survey
• C. Record Review
• D. Review of civil registry

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A survey, specifically a sample survey, is the most appropriate method for gathering data about a sample of the population. In this scenario, focusing on families with members who are part of the target population for PEM requires collecting specific data from a subset of the overall population, making a survey the best choice for this purpose.

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