Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a characteristic of Primary Health Care?

• A. Focuses on specialized care
• B. Emphasizes community participation
• C. Relies solely on hospital-based services
• D. Ignores preventive measures

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Primary Health Care is characterized by its emphasis on community participation, which involves active involvement of communities in health promotion, disease prevention, and healthcare decision-making. It is a comprehensive approach that encompasses preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative services, aiming to provide accessible, affordable, and equitable healthcare to all individuals.

2. Which of the following is a mission of the Department of Health?

• A. Health for all Filipinos
• B. Ensure accessibility and quality of health
• C. Improve the general health status of the population
• D. Health in the hands of the Filipino people by the year 2020

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The mission of the Department of Health is to ensure the accessibility and quality of health services for the population. This encompasses providing healthcare services that are both easily reachable and of high standards to promote the well-being of the community.

3. Sputum examination is the major screening tool for pulmonary tuberculosis. Clients may sometimes receive false negative results in this exam. This means that the test is not perfect in terms of which characteristic of a diagnostic examination?

• A. Effectiveness
• B. Efficacy
• C. Specificity
• D. Sensitivity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sensitivity is the ability of a diagnostic test to correctly identify individuals with the disease. A test with high sensitivity will rarely give false negative results, as it will detect almost all positive cases. In the context of the given scenario, false negative results indicate that the test is lacking in sensitivity to pick up all cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, leading to some cases being missed.

4. Where is the correct injection site for administering the DPT vaccine to an infant?

• A. Deltoid muscle
• B. Gluteal muscle
• C. Vastus lateralis muscle
• D. Forearm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The vastus lateralis muscle is the preferred site for intramuscular injections in infants due to its larger muscle mass and fewer major nerves and blood vessels, reducing the risk of injury or adverse effects.

5. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases?

• A. Antibiotic treatment
• B. Quarantine of infected individuals
• C. Vaccination
• D. Nutritional supplementation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases as it helps in developing immunity against specific pathogens, reducing the likelihood of infection and transmission within a population. Antibiotics are used to treat infections, not prevent their spread. Quarantine limits the contact of infected individuals but does not provide long-term prevention. Nutritional supplementation can support overall health but is not a primary method for preventing infectious diseases.

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