ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. Which dietary advice should a healthcare provider provide to a client with acute gout?
- A. Increase intake of dairy products
- B. Limit intake of red meat and shellfish
- C. Limit intake of fresh fruits and vegetables
- D. Limit intake of fruit juices and milk
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct dietary advice for a client with acute gout is to limit the intake of red meat and shellfish. These foods are high in purines, which can lead to increased uric acid levels in the body, exacerbating gout symptoms. Dairy products, fresh fruits, and vegetables are generally recommended for individuals with gout as they can help lower uric acid levels. Fruit juices and milk, in moderation, can also be part of a gout-friendly diet as they do not significantly contribute to uric acid buildup.
2. Which of the following findings should the nurse anticipate in the medical record of a client with a pressure ulcer?
- A. Serum albumin level of 3 g/dL
- B. Braden scale score of 20
- C. Norton scale score of 18
- D. Hemoglobin level of 13 g/dL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum albumin level of 3 g/dL. A serum albumin level of 3 g/dL indicates poor nutrition, which is commonly seen in clients with pressure ulcers. Choice B, a Braden scale score of 20, is incorrect because a higher Braden scale score indicates a lower risk of developing pressure ulcers. Choice C, a Norton scale score of 18, is incorrect as it is a tool used to assess the risk of developing pressure ulcers, not a finding in a client with an existing pressure ulcer. Choice D, a hemoglobin level of 13 g/dL, is unrelated to pressure ulcers and does not directly reflect the nutritional status associated with this condition.
3. A client who is 2 days postpartum reports that their 4-year-old son, who was previously toilet trained, is now wetting himself frequently. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. Your son may not have been ready for toilet training and should wear training pants.
- B. Your son is displaying an adverse sibling response.
- C. Your son may benefit from counseling.
- D. Consider enrolling your son in preschool to address the behavior.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The regression in toilet training is a common adverse sibling response to the birth of a new baby. When a new sibling arrives, the older child may revert to behaviors from an earlier stage, such as bedwetting, to gain attention or cope with feelings of insecurity. This behavior is temporary and often resolves with time and reassurance. Recommending counseling or preschool at this point would be premature and not addressing the underlying cause of the behavior.
4. Which nursing intervention is best for a client with constipation?
- A. Encourage the client to remain in bed to avoid straining
- B. Administer a stool softener as prescribed
- C. Increase fiber intake through dietary changes
- D. Encourage regular exercise to promote bowel movement
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Increasing fiber intake is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a client experiencing constipation. Fiber helps add bulk to the stool, making it easier to pass and promoting regular bowel movements. Encouraging the client to remain in bed may exacerbate constipation by reducing movement and promoting inactivity. While stool softeners can be beneficial, they are typically used as a short-term solution and may not address the underlying issue of low fiber intake. Regular exercise is important for overall bowel health; however, in the immediate management of constipation, increasing fiber intake is the most effective intervention.
5. A client with multiple sclerosis reports diplopia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage the client to focus on a distant object.
- B. Apply a warm compress to the client’s eyes.
- C. Recommend alternating eye patches during the day.
- D. Administer artificial tears.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when caring for a client with multiple sclerosis reporting diplopia is to recommend alternating eye patches during the day. This strategy can help relieve diplopia (double vision) by allowing each eye to rest alternately, reducing eye strain. Encouraging the client to focus on a distant object (Choice A) is not an appropriate intervention for diplopia in this case. Applying a warm compress to the client's eyes (Choice B) and administering artificial tears (Choice D) are not effective interventions for diplopia associated with multiple sclerosis.
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