Nursing Elites

1. Which behavior is most characteristic of agoraphobia?

• A. Avoiding crowded places and public transportation
• B. Excessively washing hands to prevent contamination
• C. Experiencing unexpected panic attacks
• D. Having a fear of gaining weight

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Agoraphobia is characterized by the avoidance of situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable in the event of a panic attack. Avoiding crowded places and public transportation aligns with this fear of being in situations where escape might be challenging, making choice A the most characteristic behavior of agoraphobia. Choices B, C, and D do not directly relate to the core feature of agoraphobia, which is the avoidance of situations perceived as difficult to escape from.

2. A patient is experiencing a manic episode. Which intervention is most effective?

• A. Encouraging the patient to participate in group activities
• B. Providing a low-stimulation environment
• C. Allowing the patient to move freely around the unit
• D. Engaging the patient in competitive games

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During a manic episode, individuals may be overwhelmed by stimuli. Providing a low-stimulation environment can help reduce excessive sensory input and minimize exacerbation of manic behaviors. This intervention aims to create a calm and structured setting that supports the individual in managing their symptoms effectively.

3. The school nurse has been alerted to the fact that an 8-year-old boy routinely playacts as a police officer, 'locking up' other children on the playground to the point where the children get scared. The nurse recognizes that this behavior is most likely an indication of:

• A. The need to dominate others
• B. Inventing traumatic events
• C. A need to develop close relationships
• D. A potential symptom of traumatization

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When an 8-year-old boy engages in playacting as a police officer that instills fear in other children, it can be indicative of a potential symptom of traumatization. This behavior may reflect the child's attempt to process or express experiences of trauma, leading to a manifestation of such distress in his play interactions with others.

4. A patient with schizophrenia is prescribed risperidone. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the medication?

• A. I should take this medication at the same time every day.
• B. I can stop taking this medication once I feel better.
• C. I should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.
• D. I should take this medication on an as-needed basis.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because taking the medication at the same time every day helps maintain consistent blood levels and effectiveness. Consistency in dosing is crucial for the medication to work optimally in managing symptoms of schizophrenia. Option B is incorrect because stopping the medication abruptly can lead to a worsening of symptoms. Option C is important as alcohol can interact with the medication and cause adverse effects. Option D is incorrect because risperidone is typically taken regularly, not on an as-needed basis, to manage symptoms effectively.

5. A patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is prescribed fluvoxamine. What is a common side effect of this medication?

• A. Increased appetite
• B. Dry mouth
• C. Weight gain
• D. Nausea

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Nausea is a common side effect of fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used in the treatment of OCD. Patients should be advised to monitor and report any gastrointestinal disturbances, including nausea, to their healthcare provider.

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