ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020
1. What is the most important intervention for a client with delirium?
- A. Administer sedative medication
- B. Identify any reversible causes of delirium
- C. Provide a low-stimulation environment
- D. Increase environmental stimulation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to identify any reversible causes of delirium. Delirium can be caused by various factors such as infections, medications, or metabolic imbalances. Addressing these underlying causes can help resolve delirium. Administering sedative medication (Choice A) can worsen delirium by further altering mental status. Providing a low-stimulation environment (Choice C) is helpful to manage delirium symptoms, but it is not the most important intervention. Increasing environmental stimulation (Choice D) is contraindicated in delirium as it can exacerbate confusion and agitation.
2. A client has an NG tube that needs irrigation every 8 hours. Which solution should be used to irrigate the tube to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance?
- A. Tap water
- B. Sterile water
- C. 0.9% sodium chloride
- D. 0.45% sodium chloride
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 0.9% sodium chloride. This solution is isotonic and helps maintain electrolyte balance during irrigation, preventing fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Tap water (choice A) may cause electrolyte imbalances due to its hypotonic nature. Sterile water (choice B) is hypotonic and can lead to electrolyte disturbances. 0.45% sodium chloride (choice D) is hypotonic and may also disrupt electrolyte balance when used for irrigation.
3. Which of the following is the best strategy for managing dehydration in a client?
- A. Encourage the client to drink more water
- B. Monitor fluid and electrolyte levels frequently
- C. Administer oral rehydration solutions
- D. Increase the IV fluid rate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The best strategy for managing dehydration in a client is to monitor fluid and electrolyte levels frequently. This allows healthcare providers to assess the client's hydration status accurately and make informed decisions regarding treatment. Encouraging the client to drink more water (Choice A) may not be sufficient if the dehydration is severe and requires specific interventions. Administering oral rehydration solutions (Choice C) can be beneficial but should be guided by monitoring the client's condition. Increasing the IV fluid rate (Choice D) may be necessary in certain cases, but it is not always the initial or best approach, as monitoring is crucial to avoid fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
4. A client with diabetes is experiencing hyperglycemia. What is the nurse's priority?
- A. Administer insulin
- B. Encourage the client to exercise to lower blood glucose
- C. Encourage the client to drink water
- D. Administer glucagon
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer insulin. In hyperglycemia, there is an excess of glucose in the blood, which needs to be lowered. Insulin is the primary medication used to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. Encouraging the client to exercise may further increase blood glucose levels due to the release of stress hormones, so it is not the priority. While staying hydrated is important, it will not directly address the high blood glucose levels seen in hyperglycemia. Glucagon is used to treat severe hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia, so it is not the priority in this situation.
5. What are the key interventions in managing a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
- A. Administer insulin and fluids
- B. Administer oral hypoglycemics
- C. Administer glucagon
- D. Administer insulin and monitor blood glucose
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct intervention in managing a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is to administer insulin and fluids. Insulin is crucial to correct hyperglycemia, while fluids are important to address dehydration. Administering oral hypoglycemics (Choice B) is not appropriate in the management of DKA as the patient may not be able to absorb oral medications due to gastrointestinal issues. Glucagon (Choice C) is not indicated in the treatment of DKA. Although monitoring blood glucose (Choice D) is important, it is not the sole key intervention for managing DKA; administering insulin and fluids are the primary interventions.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access
ATI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access