ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. What is an important consideration when administering a blood transfusion?
- A. Ensure the blood is compatible with the recipient's blood type
- B. Warm the blood to body temperature before administration
- C. Check the blood for clots before administration
- D. Ensure the recipient eats before the transfusion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to ensure the blood is compatible with the recipient's blood type. This is crucial to prevent transfusion reactions, which can be life-threatening. Choice B is incorrect because warming blood to body temperature is not a standard practice and may lead to hemolysis. Choice C is incorrect as blood products are carefully screened for clots before distribution. Choice D is incorrect because it is not necessary for the recipient to eat before a blood transfusion.
2. A nurse is assessing a male adolescent client who has heart failure. Based on the client’s chart, which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Withhold spironolactone
- B. Administer ferrous sulfate
- C. Administer furosemide
- D. Withhold digoxin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer furosemide. Furosemide is a diuretic commonly used in heart failure to manage fluid retention, helping alleviate symptoms like edema and shortness of breath. Withholding spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, could lead to electrolyte imbalances. Administering ferrous sulfate is used to treat iron deficiency anemia, not heart failure. Withholding digoxin, a medication used in heart failure to improve heart function, can worsen the client's condition.
3. A client who is to undergo surgery for a hip fracture is being taught by a nurse about postoperative pain management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will ask for pain medication only if the pain becomes unbearable.
- B. I will ask the nurse to increase my medication if the pain doesn't subside.
- C. I will wait until the pain is severe before taking my medication.
- D. I will take my medication at regular intervals to stay ahead of the pain.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because taking pain medication at regular intervals helps maintain consistent pain control after surgery. Option A is incorrect because waiting for the pain to become unbearable can lead to inadequate pain management. Option B is incorrect as it suggests increasing medication without a schedule. Option C is incorrect because waiting for the pain to be severe before taking medication is not proactive pain management.
4. The community health nurse is working in a multi-ethnic health center. In what situation should the nurse intervene?
- A. An Asian-American mother reports using cupping to treat an infection, resulting in a pattern of red round marks on her toddler's back.
- B. A Hispanic pregnant client who is often late for appointments arrives late for today's appointment.
- C. A Native-American individual being interviewed will not make direct eye contact when asked about violence in the home.
- D. An African-American infant who is spitting up milk has lost 6 ounces since last week's clinic visit.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because losing weight in an infant, especially when combined with spitting up milk, requires immediate intervention to address potential health concerns. Choice A deals with a cultural practice that may not necessarily pose an immediate health risk. Choice B, while important, does not present an immediate health threat. Choice C relates to cultural differences in communication and does not necessarily indicate a need for immediate intervention in terms of health.
5. What is the correct procedure for inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube?
- A. Measure the tube and insert with lubrication
- B. Insert with lubrication and no measurement
- C. Insert without lubrication and secure it
- D. Insert with lubrication and check placement
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct procedure for inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube involves measuring the tube to ensure the appropriate length for insertion and using lubrication to reduce discomfort and aid in smooth insertion. Choice B is incorrect as measuring the tube is essential for proper placement. Choice C is incorrect as lubrication helps in easing the insertion process. Choice D is incorrect as checking the placement comes after insertion and should not be done simultaneously with the insertion process.
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