ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. What are the signs of opioid withdrawal, and how should it be managed?
- A. Sweating, nausea; administer methadone
- B. Muscle cramps, vomiting; administer naloxone
- C. Tremors, sweating; administer buprenorphine
- D. Fever, agitation; provide sedatives
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The signs of opioid withdrawal typically include sweating and nausea. The correct management approach involves administering methadone to alleviate the symptoms. Choice B is incorrect because naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, not for managing withdrawal symptoms. Choice C is incorrect as buprenorphine is typically used to treat opioid addiction, not just withdrawal symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as sedatives are not the primary treatment for opioid withdrawal.
2. Carolina is surprised when her patient does not show for a regularly scheduled appointment. When contacted, the patient states, ‘I don’t need to come see you anymore. I have found a therapy app on my phone that I love.’ How should Carolina respond to this news?
- A. That sounds exciting; would you be willing to visit and show me the app?
- B. At this time, there is no real evidence that the app can replace our therapy.
- C. I am not sure that is a good idea right now; we are so close to progress.
- D. Why would you think that is a better option than meeting with me?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Carolina should respond with openness and curiosity to maintain a positive therapeutic relationship. By showing interest in the patient's new therapy method and inviting them to share the app, Carolina demonstrates a willingness to explore alternative approaches while also ensuring the patient feels heard and valued in their decision-making process. Choice B is incorrect because it dismisses the patient's choice without exploring it further. Choice C focuses more on Carolina's concerns rather than engaging with the patient's decision. Choice D comes off as defensive and may make the patient feel misunderstood or judged.
3. A client who is 6 hours postpartum and Rh-negative has an Rh-positive newborn. The client asks why an indirect Coombs test was ordered. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the healthcare provider?
- A. It determines if kernicterus will occur in the newborn.
- B. It detects Rh-negative antibodies in the newborn's blood.
- C. It detects Rh-positive antibodies in the mother's blood.
- D. It determines the presence of maternal antibodies in the newborn's blood.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The indirect Coombs test is performed to detect Rh-positive antibodies in the mother's blood. In cases where the mother is Rh-negative and the baby is Rh-positive, the mother may develop antibodies against the baby's blood cells, which can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn. Choice A is incorrect because kernicterus is a complication of severe jaundice, not directly assessed by the indirect Coombs test. Choice B is incorrect as the test aims to detect Rh-positive antibodies, not Rh-negative antibodies in the newborn's blood. Choice D is incorrect as the test is focused on detecting antibodies in the mother's blood, not the newborn's.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer a measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) immunization to a child. Which is a contraindication for this vaccine?
- A. Recent blood transfusion
- B. Allergy to penicillin
- C. Minor acute illness
- D. Low-grade fever
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Recent blood transfusion. A recent blood transfusion can interfere with the effectiveness of the MMR vaccine, making it a contraindication. Choice B, allergy to penicillin, is not a contraindication for the MMR vaccine. Choice C, minor acute illness, is not a contraindication unless the child has a moderate to severe illness. Choice D, low-grade fever, is not a contraindication as long as the child does not have a moderate to severe febrile illness.
5. Following a recent lawsuit that implicated one of their colleagues, the nursing staff at an assisted-living facility are especially aware of the need to safeguard themselves legally. Which of the following measures should the nurses take? Select one that does not apply.
- A. Investigate whether their liability insurance is sufficient
- B. Ensure that work performed by unlicensed care staff under their supervision is adequate
- C. Avoid admitting residents who have living wills or advance directives
- D. Assess the competence of employees under their supervision
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Denying admission to residents with living wills or advance directives is not a legal safeguard measure and may be considered discriminatory. Measures like investigating liability insurance adequacy, ensuring adequate work by unlicensed staff, and assessing employee competence are all valid ways for nurses to protect themselves legally. These measures help in ensuring proper care, reducing risks, and maintaining a high standard of practice.
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