ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 with NGN
1. A client is receiving phenytoin for management of grand mal seizures and has a new prescription for isoniazid and rifampin. Which of the following should the nurse conclude if the client develops ataxia and incoordination?
- A. The client is experiencing an adverse reaction to rifampin.
- B. The client's seizure disorder is no longer under control.
- C. The client is showing evidence of phenytoin toxicity.
- D. The client is having adverse effects due to combination antimicrobial therapy.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Ataxia and incoordination are signs of phenytoin toxicity rather than adverse reactions to rifampin or isoniazid. These symptoms indicate that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of phenytoin, requiring a dose adjustment. Choice A is incorrect because rifampin is not typically associated with ataxia and incoordination. Choice B is incorrect as the development of ataxia and incoordination does not necessarily mean the seizure disorder is no longer under control. Choice D is incorrect as the symptoms are more indicative of phenytoin toxicity rather than adverse effects of combination antimicrobial therapy.
2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a clear liquid diet. What should the client avoid?
- A. Lemon-lime sports drinks
- B. Orange sherbet
- C. Black coffee
- D. Ginger ale
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Ginger ale. A clear liquid diet includes fluids that are see-through and easily digestible. Ginger ale is a carbonated beverage that is allowed on a clear liquid diet. Orange sherbet, choice B, is not suitable for a clear liquid diet as it contains dairy products and solid particles, which are not transparent. Lemon-lime sports drinks, choice A, may contain added colorings or particles that are not allowed on a clear liquid diet. Black coffee, choice C, is also not recommended on a clear liquid diet as it is not a clear liquid and contains substances that may be hard to digest.
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about food selection with a client who has a moderate burn injury. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as being high in vitamin C?
- A. Tomatoes
- B. Carrots
- C. Avocados
- D. Apricots
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Tomatoes are high in vitamin C, which is crucial for wound healing, making them an excellent recommendation for a client with a burn injury. Carrots, avocados, and apricots are not as rich in vitamin C compared to tomatoes, and therefore, they are not the best choice for promoting healing in this scenario.
4. How should a healthcare professional care for a patient with a central venous catheter?
- A. Monitor for infection and change the dressing regularly
- B. Ensure the catheter is patent and flush as needed
- C. Educate the patient on self-care and proper hygiene
- D. Monitor blood glucose levels and administer IV fluids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Regular monitoring for infection and dressing changes are essential aspects of caring for a patient with a central venous catheter. Infections are a significant risk with these catheters, so vigilant monitoring and timely dressing changes help prevent complications. Choice B is important too, but ensuring catheter patency and flushing are more focused on maintaining the functionality of the catheter rather than infection prevention. Choice C is also important for patient education, but the immediate concern for a healthcare professional is monitoring and preventing infections related to the catheter. Choice D is not directly related to the care of a central venous catheter.
5. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has diabetes mellitus and is receiving insulin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Hemoglobin A1c of 6%
- B. Fasting blood glucose of 90 mg/dL
- C. Blood glucose of 200 mg/dL
- D. Blood glucose of 100 mg/dL
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia and should be reported for potential insulin adjustment.
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