ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. What are the key components of a focused respiratory assessment, and how do you recognize signs of respiratory distress?
- A. Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation
- B. Palpation, Inspection, Observation, Auscultation
- C. Percussion, Inspection, Auscultation, Palpation
- D. Inspection, Percussion, Auscultation, Palpation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation. A focused respiratory assessment should start with inspection (observing the breathing pattern), followed by palpation (feeling for abnormalities like crepitus), percussion (evaluating for dullness or hyperresonance), and auscultation (listening to lung sounds). This systematic approach helps to identify signs of respiratory distress, such as abnormal breath sounds, increased respiratory rate, use of accessory muscles, and cyanosis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the standard order and sequence of a focused respiratory assessment.
2. What is the primary purpose of conducting an epidemiologic investigation?
- A. Delineate the etiology of the epidemic
- B. Encourage cooperation and support of the community
- C. Identify groups at risk of contracting the disease
- D. Identify the geographical locations of disease cases in the community
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The primary purpose of conducting an epidemiologic investigation is to delineate the etiology of the epidemic, which involves identifying the cause or origin of the disease outbreak. This process helps in understanding how the disease spreads, its risk factors, and developing strategies for control and prevention.
3. A healthcare professional is assessing a client who has been taking lithium carbonate for bipolar disorder. Which of the following findings should the professional report to the provider?
- A. Increased urination
- B. Tremors
- C. Weight gain
- D. Blurred vision
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Tremors are a concerning sign of lithium toxicity that indicate a potential overdose. Tremors can progress to more severe symptoms if not addressed promptly. Reporting tremors promptly allows the provider to assess the client's lithium levels, adjust the dosage, or provide appropriate interventions to prevent further complications. Increased urination, weight gain, and blurred vision are potential side effects of lithium but are not indicative of toxicity or overdose. While they should still be monitored, they are not as urgent as tremors in the context of lithium therapy.
4. When teaching a new mother how to perform perineal care, which instruction should be included?
- A. Use a front-to-back motion when cleaning the perineal area
- B. Use a peri-bottle filled with warm water after each voiding
- C. Avoid using any cleansing solution on the perineal area
- D. Apply powder to the perineal area to keep it dry
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Using a peri-bottle filled with warm water after each voiding is essential for proper perineal care as it helps cleanse the area without causing irritation and promotes healing. It is important to avoid using a back-to-front motion to prevent introducing bacteria into the urethra, and using powder may increase the risk of infection. Cleansing solutions specifically formulated for perineal care may be recommended but should be used under healthcare provider guidance.
5. The nurse is caring for a client with a spinal cord injury. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent autonomic dysreflexia?
- A. Restrict the client's fluid intake.
- B. Keep the client's room warm.
- C. Ensure the client's bladder is emptied regularly.
- D. Limit the client's intake of high-fiber foods.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: To prevent autonomic dysreflexia in clients with spinal cord injuries, it is crucial to ensure the client's bladder is emptied regularly. Bladder distention is a common trigger for autonomic dysreflexia in these clients. Keeping the bladder empty helps prevent the complications associated with autonomic dysreflexia, such as dangerously high blood pressure. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Restricting fluid intake can lead to dehydration, keeping the room warm is not directly related to preventing autonomic dysreflexia, and limiting high-fiber foods is not a primary intervention for this condition.
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