ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. A client with hypertension is receiving lifestyle education from a nurse. What should be emphasized?
- A. Encourage a low-sodium diet
- B. Advise the client to avoid caffeinated drinks
- C. Recommend increasing high-protein foods
- D. Advise the client to reduce fat intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the client to avoid caffeinated drinks. Caffeine can temporarily increase blood pressure, so avoiding caffeinated drinks can help manage hypertension. Encouraging a low-sodium diet (Choice A) is essential for hypertension management as excess sodium can raise blood pressure. Increasing high-protein foods (Choice C) is not a primary focus in managing hypertension. While reducing fat intake (Choice D) can be beneficial for overall health, it is not the priority in lifestyle modifications for hypertension.
2. When should a healthcare provider suction a client's tracheostomy?
- A. When the client is hypotensive
- B. When the client is irritable
- C. When the client is flushed
- D. When the client is bradycardic
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Irritability is an early sign that suctioning is required to clear secretions in a client with a tracheostomy. Hypotension, flushing, and bradycardia are not direct indicators for suctioning a tracheostomy. Hypotension may indicate a need for fluid resuscitation or other interventions, flushing could be due to various reasons like fever, and bradycardia may require evaluation for cardiac causes.
3. A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client with diabetes. What is the most important teaching point?
- A. Monitor blood sugar levels weekly
- B. Administer insulin before meals as prescribed
- C. Take medication only when feeling unwell
- D. Monitor blood sugar only in the morning
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer insulin before meals as prescribed. This is the most important teaching point because insulin administration before meals helps manage blood sugar effectively in diabetic patients. Choice A is incorrect because monitoring blood sugar levels weekly may not provide timely information for managing diabetes. Choice C is incorrect as medications for diabetes should be taken as prescribed, not only when feeling unwell. Choice D is incorrect as blood sugar levels should be monitored at various times throughout the day, not just in the morning, to get a complete picture of the patient's condition.
4. What is the best strategy for managing fatigue in a client who has had an acute myocardial infarction and is concerned about self-care?
- A. Instruct the client to rest completely and avoid all self-care tasks
- B. Encourage the client to gradually resume self-care tasks with frequent rest periods
- C. Assign assistive personnel to complete all self-care tasks
- D. Ask the client's family to assist with self-care tasks
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The best strategy for managing fatigue in a client who has had an acute myocardial infarction and is concerned about self-care is to encourage the client to gradually resume self-care tasks with frequent rest periods. This approach helps the client regain independence while managing fatigue effectively. Choice A is incorrect because complete rest without any self-care tasks may hinder recovery and independence. Choice C is not the best option as it does not promote the client's independence. Choice D, while involving family support, does not empower the client to regain self-care abilities.
5. A nurse is receiving change-of-shift report for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to assess first?
- A. A client who has sinus arrhythmia and is receiving cardiac monitoring.
- B. A client who has diabetes mellitus and a hemoglobin A1C of 6.8%.
- C. A client who has epidural analgesia and weakness in the lower extremities.
- D. A client who has a hip fracture and a new onset of tachypnea.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. New onset of tachypnea indicates a potential respiratory complication that requires immediate attention. Assessing the client with a hip fracture and tachypnea first is crucial to address the respiratory issue and prevent further deterioration. Choices A, B, and C do not present immediate life-threatening complications that require urgent assessment compared to a new onset of tachypnea.
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