ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2024
1. What are the complications of untreated DVT?
- A. Pulmonary embolism and stroke
- B. Infection and kidney failure
- C. Hypertension and vision loss
- D. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pulmonary embolism and stroke. Untreated DVT can result in these serious complications, emphasizing the importance of timely intervention. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not represent common complications associated with untreated deep vein thrombosis. Infection and kidney failure, hypertension and vision loss, as well as dehydration and electrolyte imbalance are not typically direct consequences of untreated DVT.
2. The healthcare provider is assessing a newborn who had undergone vaginal delivery. Which of the following findings is least likely to be observed in a normal newborn?
- A. (+) Moro reflex
- B. Heart rate is 80 bpm
- C. Respirations are irregular
- D. Uneven head shape
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A heart rate of 80 bpm is least likely to be observed in a normal newborn. The normal heart rate range for a newborn is usually higher than 80 bpm, typically ranging from 120-160 bpm. The Moro reflex (choice A) is a normal newborn reflex, respirations being irregular (choice C) are expected due to the immature respiratory control center, and an uneven head shape (choice D) is common due to molding during vaginal delivery.
3. A client has a new prescription for sertraline. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should take this medication at bedtime.
- B. I may experience sexual dysfunction.
- C. I should avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- D. I may experience weight loss while taking this medication.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Sexual dysfunction is a common side effect of sertraline. When the client mentions this potential side effect, it indicates an understanding of the teaching about the medication's effects. This response shows awareness of a significant adverse effect that the client should be informed about when starting sertraline. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because taking sertraline at bedtime, avoiding grapefruit juice, or experiencing weight loss are not key teaching points associated with this medication.
4. When assessing a client with a small bowel obstruction, what finding should a nurse expect?
- A. Significant abdominal distention
- B. Large bowel movements
- C. High-pitched bowel sounds
- D. Copious vomiting
Correct answer: C
Rationale: High-pitched bowel sounds are often heard early in a small bowel obstruction due to increased peristalsis as the bowel tries to overcome the blockage. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Abdominal distention is more commonly associated with large bowel obstructions, while large bowel movements and copious vomiting are not typical findings in small bowel obstructions.
5. A nurse is planning care for a client who has Parkinson’s disease and is at risk for aspiration. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Encourage the client to eat thin liquids
- B. Instruct the client to tilt their head forward when swallowing
- C. Give the client large pieces of food
- D. Have the client lie down after meals
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action the nurse should include in the plan of care for a client with Parkinson’s disease at risk for aspiration is to instruct the client to tilt their head forward when swallowing. This action helps protect the airway and reduces the risk of aspiration in clients with impaired swallowing, which is common in Parkinson’s disease. Encouraging the client to eat thin liquids (Choice A) can increase the risk of aspiration as they are harder to control during swallowing. Giving the client large pieces of food (Choice C) can also increase the risk of choking and aspiration. Having the client lie down after meals (Choice D) can further increase the risk of aspiration due to the potential for reflux. Therefore, the best action to prevent aspiration in this situation is to instruct the client to tilt their head forward when swallowing.
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