ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Maternal Newborn
1. To reduce the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), how should the parents position the newborn?
- A. Prone position
- B. Supine position
- C. Side-lying position
- D. Semi-Fowler's position
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Supine position. Placing the newborn on their back (supine position) is the safest sleeping position to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This position helps prevent airway obstruction, which can occur when infants are placed on their stomach (prone position), side (side-lying position), or in a semi-upright position (semi-Fowler's position). The prone position (choice A) is associated with an increased risk of SIDS, making it an unsafe choice. Side-lying position (choice C) and semi-Fowler's position (choice D) also pose risks of airway compromise and are not recommended for sleep positioning to prevent SIDS. Therefore, options A, C, and D are incorrect in this context.
2. A nurse is caring for a postmenopausal client prescribed the aromatase inhibitor anastrozole for the treatment of breast cancer. Which of the following should the nurse inform the client she may experience?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Muscle and joint pain
- C. Night sweats
- D. Increased appetite
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Muscle and joint pain. Muscle and joint pain are common side effects of aromatase inhibitors like anastrozole. These side effects can be managed with analgesics as prescribed by the healthcare provider. Weight gain (choice A) is not typically associated with anastrozole. Night sweats (choice C) are also not commonly reported with this medication. Increased appetite (choice D) is not a common side effect of anastrozole.
3. A client who underwent a total hip replacement is receiving discharge teaching from a nurse. Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid crossing your legs at the knees.
- B. Sit only in low chairs for comfort.
- C. Bend at the waist to pick up objects.
- D. Sleep on the affected side to prevent discomfort.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include is to avoid crossing the legs at the knees. This advice helps prevent dislocation of the new hip joint, which is a common concern after a total hip replacement surgery. Crossing the legs can place stress on the hip joint and increase the risk of dislocation. It is important for the client to follow this precaution to promote proper healing and reduce complications postoperatively.
4. A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is being taught about insulin administration by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Inject insulin into the muscle
- B. Rotate injection sites with each dose
- C. Store insulin at room temperature
- D. Massage the injection site after administration
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction that the nurse should include is to rotate injection sites with each dose. This practice is essential to prevent tissue damage and ensure proper insulin absorption. Option A is incorrect because insulin should not be injected into the muscle, but rather into the subcutaneous tissue. Option C is incorrect as insulin should be stored in the refrigerator to maintain its effectiveness. Option D is incorrect as massaging the injection site after administration can lead to faster absorption and potentially hypoglycemia.
5. Consuming 30 g of which nutrient would provide the highest number of kcalories?
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Fat
- C. Protein
- D. Micronutrients
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Fat.' Fat provides 9 kcalories per gram, which is more than carbohydrates and proteins that provide 4 kcalories per gram each. Therefore, consuming 30 g of fat would yield a higher number of kcalories compared to the same amount of carbohydrates or proteins. Micronutrients do not significantly contribute to kcalories, making them an incorrect choice in this scenario.
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