the stimulus for the release of cholecystokinin cck is the
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Nutrition For PN Nursing ATI

1. What triggers the release of cholecystokinin (CCK)?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Presence of fat in the duodenum. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released in response to the presence of fat in the duodenum to aid in digestion by stimulating the release of bile from the gallbladder and enzymes from the pancreas. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because CCK is specifically released in response to the presence of fat in the duodenum, not food in the stomach, acid chyme in the ileum, or bile in the gallbladder.

2. The professional primarily responsible for the application of nutrition science in clinical practice settings is the:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: registered dietitian. A registered dietitian is a healthcare professional with specialized training in nutrition and dietetics, making them primarily responsible for applying nutrition science in clinical practice settings. Nurses (choice A) and physicians (choice B) may have some knowledge of nutrition, but a registered dietitian has specific expertise in this area. Public health nutritionists (choice C) typically focus on community nutrition and public health programs, rather than clinical practice settings.

3. What can excessive intakes of dietary protein do?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Excessive intake of dietary protein can lead to impaired kidney function over time. Excessive protein consumption can put a strain on the kidneys as they work to eliminate the byproducts of protein metabolism. This can potentially lead to kidney damage. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Excessive protein intake is not directly linked to causing vitamin deficiencies, increasing weight loss, or decreasing the production of indispensable amino acids.

4. At what pH does the digestion of protein by pepsin in the stomach require?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1.8 and 3.5. Pepsin, an enzyme involved in protein digestion, functions optimally in an acidic environment, specifically between pH 1.8 and 3.5. This low pH is necessary for pepsin to break down proteins effectively. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because pepsin requires a highly acidic environment, ruling out the pH ranges listed in those options.

5. What are the major sources of energy for the body?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Carbohydrates and fats. Carbohydrates are the body's primary and most efficient source of energy, providing fuel for daily activities. Fats are also a significant energy source, especially during times of prolonged or intense exercise. Proteins are primarily used for building and repairing tissues, not as a major energy source. Vitamins and minerals are essential for various bodily functions but do not serve as direct sources of energy.

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