the proper depth of chest compressions on a 9 month old infant is

ATI LPN

ATI Pediatrics Proctored Test

1. What is the proper depth of chest compressions for a 9-month-old infant?

A. 1/3 the diameter of the chest or about 1 1/2 inches.
B. 1/4 the diameter of the chest or about 1 inch.
C. 1/2 the diameter of the chest or about 2 inches.
D. 1/3 the diameter of the chest or about 3/4 inch.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When performing chest compressions on a 9-month-old infant, the proper depth is 1/3 the diameter of the chest, which equates to approximately 1 1/2 inches. This depth is crucial for effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in infants. Choice B, which suggests 1/4 the diameter of the chest or about 1 inch, is incorrect as it does not provide the recommended depth for infants. Choice C, stating 1/2 the diameter of the chest or about 2 inches, is too deep and may cause harm to the infant. Choice D, mentioning 1/3 the diameter of the chest or about 3/4 inch, is also incorrect as it underestimates the required depth for effective chest compressions on a 9-month-old infant.

2. What should the nurse include in the insulin administration instruction for the parents of a child being discharged on insulin?

A. Insert the needle and aspirate before injecting
B. Inject insulin into the extremity to be exercised to improve absorption
C. The muscles in the abdomen and thigh are the easiest for self-administration
D. Clean the injection site with soap and water and avoid alcohol

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the muscles in the abdomen and thigh are the most suitable areas for self-administration of insulin due to consistent absorption. Choices A and B are incorrect as aspirating before injecting insulin is unnecessary, and injecting into an extremity to be exercised does not enhance absorption. Choice D is incorrect as alcohol should be used to clean the injection site instead of soap and water, which can cause skin irritation.

3. Which of the following statements regarding 2-rescuer child CPR is correct?

A. The chest should be compressed with one hand, and a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2 should be used.
B. The chest should not be allowed to fully recoil in between compressions.
C. A compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be used if an advanced airway is in place.
D. Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one-third the diameter of the chest.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During 2-rescuer child CPR, it is important to compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one-third the diameter of the chest. This technique ensures effective chest compressions are being delivered to help circulate blood and oxygenate the child's body. Choice A is incorrect because both hands should be used for chest compressions in 2-rescuer CPR. Choice B is incorrect as allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions is essential to create negative pressure and facilitate blood flow back to the heart. Choice C is incorrect as the standard compression-to-ventilation ratio for child CPR is 30:2, regardless of whether an advanced airway is in place.

4. What are the MOST important initial steps in assessing and managing a newborn?

A. Drying and warming the infant, obtaining an APGAR score.
B. Clearing the airway, keeping the infant warm.
C. Suctioning the airway, obtaining a heart rate.
D. Keeping the infant warm, counting respirations.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most crucial initial steps in assessing and managing a newborn involve clearing the airway to ensure proper breathing and keeping the infant warm to maintain body temperature. Airway clearance helps prevent respiratory distress, while warmth is essential to prevent hypothermia, a common issue in newborns. These steps are vital in the immediate care of a newborn to support their transition to extrauterine life and ensure their well-being. Choice A is incorrect because obtaining an APGAR score is important but not as critical as clearing the airway. Choice C is incorrect as suctioning the airway is not always necessary and obtaining a heart rate is secondary to ensuring a clear airway and warmth. Choice D is incorrect because counting respirations is not as immediate and crucial as clearing the airway.

5. The instructor is teaching a group of new mothers about infant care. Which statement indicates that further teaching is needed?

A. I should put my baby to sleep on their back.
B. I can give my baby water if they seem thirsty.
C. Breastfeeding provides all the nutrients my baby needs.
D. I should burp my baby after each feeding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Newborns do not need additional water as breast milk or formula provides all the necessary hydration. Giving water to infants can be harmful and is not recommended as it can interfere with the balance of electrolytes in their bodies. Choice A is correct as placing babies on their back for sleep is the recommended safe sleeping position. Choice C is also correct as breastfeeding does provide all the essential nutrients for babies. Choice D is correct as burping the baby after each feeding helps prevent discomfort from trapped air.