ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. The nurse is supervising the staff providing care for an 18-month-old hospitalized with hepatitis A. The nurse determines that the staff's care is appropriate if which of the following is observed?
- A. The child is placed in a private room
- B. The staff removes a toy from the child's bed and takes it to the nurse's station
- C. The staff offers the child french fries and a vanilla milkshake for a midafternoon snack
- D. The staff uses standard precautions
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Private room placement is crucial when caring for a patient with hepatitis A to prevent the transmission of the disease to others. Placing the child in a private room helps contain the infection and protect other patients and staff. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because removing a toy from the child's bed, offering specific snacks, or using standard precautions, while important in general care, are not specific measures required to prevent the spread of hepatitis A.
2. A client has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime
- B. Monitor your blood glucose level before each meal
- C. Stop taking the medication if you develop muscle pain
- D. You may experience diarrhea with this medication
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'You may experience diarrhea with this medication.' Diarrhea is a common side effect of metformin, particularly when initiating the medication. It is important for clients to be aware of this potential side effect. Option A is incorrect because metformin is usually taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Option B is not directly related to metformin use. Option C is incorrect as muscle pain is not a common side effect of metformin and does not warrant stopping the medication.
3. Which lifestyle modification should be emphasized for a client with hypertension?
- A. Increase sodium intake
- B. Reduce caffeine and alcohol intake
- C. Eat carbohydrate-rich meals
- D. Increase protein intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to reduce caffeine and alcohol intake for a client with hypertension. Caffeine and alcohol can increase blood pressure, so reducing their intake can help manage hypertension. Increasing sodium intake (Choice A) is not recommended for hypertension as it can lead to fluid retention and increased blood pressure. Eating carbohydrate-rich meals (Choice C) is also not ideal as excessive carbohydrates can contribute to weight gain, which can worsen hypertension. Similarly, increasing protein intake (Choice D) is not a primary focus for managing hypertension unless a specific protein deficiency is present.
4. A client who is 2 days postpartum reports that their 4-year-old son, who was previously toilet trained, is now wetting himself frequently. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. Your son may not have been ready for toilet training and should wear training pants.
- B. Your son is displaying an adverse sibling response.
- C. Your son may benefit from counseling.
- D. Consider enrolling your son in preschool to address the behavior.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The regression in toilet training is a common adverse sibling response to the birth of a new baby. When a new sibling arrives, the older child may revert to behaviors from an earlier stage, such as bedwetting, to gain attention or cope with feelings of insecurity. This behavior is temporary and often resolves with time and reassurance. Recommending counseling or preschool at this point would be premature and not addressing the underlying cause of the behavior.
5. A client undergoing bariatric surgery is being taught about postoperative dietary changes by a nurse. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will drink carbonated beverages after surgery
- B. I will eat large meals after surgery
- C. I will avoid consuming solid foods for several weeks
- D. I will avoid taking small sips of liquids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because avoiding solid foods after bariatric surgery is crucial to prevent complications and promote healing. Choice A is incorrect as carbonated beverages can cause discomfort and should be avoided. Choice B is incorrect as large meals are not suitable after bariatric surgery. Choice D is incorrect as taking small sips of liquids is encouraged to prevent dehydration and promote recovery.
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