ATI LPN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet
1. The client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is receiving hemodialysis. Which finding should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately?
- A. Blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg.
- B. Weight gain of 2 pounds since the last dialysis session.
- C. Blood glucose level of 120 mg/dl.
- D. Potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L is dangerously high, a condition known as hyperkalemia, which can lead to severe cardiac complications like arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Immediate medical intervention is necessary to lower potassium levels to prevent life-threatening outcomes in clients undergoing hemodialysis.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with a sealed radiation implant. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Remove dirty linens after double-bagging
- B. Wear a dosimeter badge
- C. Limit visitors to 1 hour per day
- D. Ensure family remains 3 feet away from the client
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Wear a dosimeter badge. When caring for a client with a sealed radiation implant, the nurse should wear a dosimeter badge to monitor radiation exposure. This badge helps measure the amount of radiation the nurse is exposed to during care. Choice A is incorrect because removing dirty linens after double-bagging is not directly related to managing radiation exposure. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific time limit on visitors mentioned in the context of a sealed radiation implant. Choice D is incorrect as there is no evidence supporting the need for family members to stay a specific distance away from the client.
3. What are the risk factors for the development of pressure ulcers, and how can they be prevented?
- A. Immobility and poor nutrition
- B. Increased mobility and proper hygiene
- C. Excess moisture and lack of movement
- D. Frequent turning and repositioning
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immobility and poor nutrition are significant risk factors for pressure ulcers. Immobility leads to prolonged pressure on certain body areas, increasing the risk of tissue damage. Poor nutrition can impair skin integrity and the body's ability to heal. Prevention strategies include frequent turning and repositioning to relieve pressure points. Choice B is incorrect because increased mobility actually reduces the risk of pressure ulcers. Choice C is incorrect as excess moisture can contribute to skin breakdown, but it is not a primary risk factor. Choice D is incorrect as frequent turning and repositioning are part of the prevention measures, not risk factors.
4. A patient is receiving education about taking clozapine. Which statement indicates the patient understands the side effects?
- A. I should report any signs of infection to my healthcare provider immediately.
- B. I can stop taking this medication once I feel better.
- C. I should take this medication on an empty stomach.
- D. I should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients taking clozapine should report signs of infection immediately due to the risk of agranulocytosis. Agranulocytosis is a potentially life-threatening side effect of clozapine characterized by a significant decrease in white blood cell count, which can leave the patient vulnerable to infections. Reporting signs of infection promptly is crucial to prevent serious complications.
5. A client who is pregnant is scheduled for a contraction stress test (CST). Which of the following findings are indications for this procedure? (Select all that apply)
- A. Decreased fetal movement
- B. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
- C. Postmaturity
- D. All of the Above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A contraction stress test (CST) is performed to assess how the fetus responds to the stress of contractions. Indications for this test include decreased fetal movement, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and postmaturity. These conditions may warrant the need for a CST to evaluate fetal well-being and determine appropriate management. Therefore, all of the above options are correct indications for a contraction stress test. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they are all valid reasons for performing a CST in a pregnant client.
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