the nurse is assessing a newborn who had undergone vaginal delivery which of the following findings is least likely to be observed in a normal newborn
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ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN

1. The healthcare provider is assessing a newborn who had undergone vaginal delivery. Which of the following findings is least likely to be observed in a normal newborn?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A heart rate of 80 bpm is least likely to be observed in a normal newborn. The normal heart rate range for a newborn is usually higher than 80 bpm, typically ranging from 120-160 bpm. The Moro reflex (choice A) is a normal newborn reflex, respirations being irregular (choice C) are expected due to the immature respiratory control center, and an uneven head shape (choice D) is common due to molding during vaginal delivery.

2. During the pediatric assessment process, which scenario would be the LEAST appropriate for the transition phase?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During a pediatric assessment, the transition phase is a critical period where care is handed over from prehospital providers to the hospital team. If the child is unstable and requires rapid transport, it is not appropriate to delay for a transition phase. In such cases, immediate transport to a higher level of care is paramount to ensure the child's safety and well-being. Choice A is appropriate as having a parent present can help keep the child calm during the transition. Choice C is also appropriate as transitioning a stable child allows for a smoother handover. Choice D, while indicating a longer transport time, does not necessarily affect the need for a transition phase as long as the child's condition remains stable.

3. When discussing heart conditions, a healthcare provider explains a condition in which the lungs retain extra fluid due to left ventricular impairment. What is this condition?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Pulmonary edema is the correct answer. It is a condition characterized by the retention of extra fluid in the lungs, often due to left ventricular impairment. This fluid buildup can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Whooping cough (Choice A), pneumonia (Choice B), and asthma (Choice C) are not conditions related to the retention of fluid in the lungs due to left ventricular impairment. Whooping cough is a bacterial respiratory infection, pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, and asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and constriction.

4. After an advanced airway device has been inserted in a 6-month-old infant in cardiopulmonary arrest, you should deliver ventilations at a rate of:

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The appropriate ventilation rate for an infant with an advanced airway is 8 to 10 breaths per minute.

5. The Andrews family has been taking good care of their youngest, Archie, who was diagnosed with asthma. Which of the following statements indicate a need for further home care teaching?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Avoiding exercise entirely is not recommended for asthma management. Regular exercise can actually help strengthen the lungs and improve overall respiratory function. Teaching should focus on appropriate exercise routines that are suitable for individuals with asthma to prevent attacks. Choices A, C, and D are all appropriate and indicate good understanding of asthma management. Increasing fluid intake helps thin secretions, using the bronchodilator inhaler before the steroid inhaler follows the correct order of inhaler administration, and identifying triggers is essential for asthma control.

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