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ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN
1. What assessment finding places a newborn at risk for developing physiologic jaundice?
- A. Cephalohematoma
- B. Mongolian spots
- C. Telangiectatic nevi
- D. Molding
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Cephalohematoma. Physiologic jaundice in newborns can occur due to the breakdown of excess red blood cells. A cephalohematoma, a collection of blood caused by ruptured blood vessels between a cranial bone's surface and periosteal membrane, can lead to increased red blood cell breakdown. This increased breakdown can contribute to the development of physiologic jaundice in newborns. Choices B, Mongolian spots, and C, Telangiectatic nevi, are both benign skin conditions and are not directly associated with increased red blood cell breakdown. Choice D, Molding, refers to the shaping of the fetal head during passage through the birth canal and is not related to the development of physiologic jaundice.
2. At what age is the first dose of the MMR vaccine typically administered to a child?
- A. At birth
- B. 6 months
- C. 12 months
- D. 18 months
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The first dose of the MMR vaccine is typically administered to a child at 12 months of age to provide protection against measles, mumps, and rubella. Administering the vaccine at this age ensures that the child's immune system is developed enough to generate a protective response to the vaccine.
3. A nurse is providing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about caring for a client who has a prescription for gemfibrozil. The nurse should instruct the newly licensed nurse to monitor which of the following laboratory tests?
- A. Platelet count
- B. Electrolyte levels
- C. Thyroid function
- D. Liver function
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Liver function. Gemfibrozil can lead to hepatotoxicity, making it crucial to monitor liver function tests. Monitoring platelet count (choice A) is not specifically indicated for gemfibrozil. Electrolyte levels (choice B) and thyroid function (choice C) are not directly affected by gemfibrozil, so they are not the primary laboratory tests to monitor in this case.
4. A patient is being educated about a clear liquid diet. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the patient to avoid?
- A. Lemon-lime sports drinks
- B. Ginger ale
- C. Black coffee
- D. Orange sherbet
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Orange sherbet. A clear liquid diet consists of liquids that are transparent and easily digestible. Orange sherbet, being a frozen dessert, is not a clear liquid and should be avoided. Choices A, B, and C are all acceptable in a clear liquid diet. Lemon-lime sports drinks, ginger ale, and black coffee are clear liquids that can be included in the diet as they are transparent and leave little residue in the gastrointestinal tract, unlike orange sherbet.
5. A patient with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is prescribed sertraline. What is a common side effect the nurse should monitor for?
- A. Dry mouth
- B. Weight gain
- C. Insomnia
- D. Nausea
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Nausea is a common side effect associated with sertraline, a medication commonly used in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). It is essential for the nurse to monitor for nausea as it can impact the patient's adherence to the medication regimen. Educating the patient about this potential side effect and advising ways to manage it can enhance treatment compliance and overall therapeutic outcomes.
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