ATI LPN
LPN Pediatrics
1. In which of the following situations would the EMT MOST likely deliver a baby at the scene?
- A. A tornado has struck and blocked the only route to the hospital.
- B. Contractions are 8 to 10 minutes apart and irregular.
- C. The amniotic sac has ruptured, and contractions occur regularly.
- D. The hospital is 15 miles away, and crowning is not present.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The EMT may be required to deliver a baby at the scene when external factors like a tornado have blocked the only route to the hospital, making it impossible to reach the medical facility in time for delivery. In such emergencies, the EMT must be prepared to manage the childbirth process until further medical assistance can be obtained.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following assessment findings requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. Prealbumin level of 20 mg/dL
- B. Weight increase of 2 kg/day
- C. Temperature of 37.6°C
- D. Blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A rapid weight gain of 2 kg/day suggests fluid overload, a possible complication of TPN. This requires immediate intervention to prevent further complications such as pulmonary edema. The other options are not indicative of immediate complications related to TPN. A low prealbumin level may indicate malnutrition but does not require immediate intervention. A slightly elevated temperature and blood glucose level are within normal ranges and do not warrant immediate action.
3. A client has a prescription for sertraline to treat depression. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the medication treatment plan?
- A. I will start feeling better immediately after starting the medication
- B. I can expect to urinate frequently while on this medication
- C. I understand I may experience difficulty sleeping on this medication
- D. I should decrease my sodium intake while on this medication
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Difficulty sleeping is a common side effect of sertraline, an SSRI used to treat depression. Clients should be educated to expect this, especially during the early stages of treatment. Choice A is incorrect because sertraline may take a few weeks to show its full effect. Choice B is incorrect as increased urination is not a common side effect of sertraline. Choice D is unrelated to the side effects or management of sertraline.
4. The nutrients involved in metabolic regulation and control include minerals, vitamins, and:
- A. amino acids.
- B. carbohydrates.
- C. fats.
- D. water.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, water. Water plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation along with vitamins and minerals. While amino acids, carbohydrates, and fats are essential nutrients for various bodily functions, they are not primarily involved in metabolic regulation and control.
5. A client has a new prescription for allopurinol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Increase your fluid intake.
- C. Avoid consuming dairy products.
- D. Take the medication in the morning.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake is essential when taking allopurinol to prevent the formation of kidney stones. Allopurinol can increase the levels of uric acid in the body, which can lead to kidney stone formation. By increasing fluid intake, the client can help flush out excess uric acid and prevent the development of kidney stones. It is important to drink plenty of water throughout the day to maintain adequate hydration and reduce the risk of kidney stone formation. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Taking allopurinol with food or in the morning does not specifically relate to preventing kidney stone formation. Avoiding dairy products is not a standard recommendation when taking allopurinol.
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