the appropriate technique for performing two rescuer cpr on a 4 year old child includes

ATI LPN

LPN Pediatrics

1. What is the appropriate technique for performing two-rescuer CPR on a 4-year-old child?

A. 15 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with your thumbs, and delivering at least 100 compressions per minute.
B. 30 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the chest one third the depth of the chest, and delivering each breath over 1 second.
C. 15 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with the heel of your hand, and ventilating until visible chest rise occurs.
D. 30 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with the heel of both hands, and delivering each breath over 1 to 2 seconds.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When performing two-rescuer CPR on a 4-year-old child, the appropriate technique involves 15 compressions to 2 ventilations. Compressions should be done by pressing the child's sternum with the heel of your hand. Ventilations should be given until visible chest rise occurs. This technique ensures effective CPR delivery for a child in need of resuscitation.

2. Which of the following statements regarding 2-rescuer child CPR is correct?

A. The chest should be compressed with one hand, and a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2 should be used.
B. The chest should not be allowed to fully recoil in between compressions.
C. A compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be used if an advanced airway is in place.
D. Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one-third the diameter of the chest.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During 2-rescuer child CPR, it is important to compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one-third the diameter of the chest. This technique ensures effective chest compressions are being delivered to help circulate blood and oxygenate the child's body. Choice A is incorrect because both hands should be used for chest compressions in 2-rescuer CPR. Choice B is incorrect as allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions is essential to create negative pressure and facilitate blood flow back to the heart. Choice C is incorrect as the standard compression-to-ventilation ratio for child CPR is 30:2, regardless of whether an advanced airway is in place.

3. Are most children with hypertension asymptomatic?

A. TRUE
B. FALSE
C.
D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement is true. In many cases, children with hypertension do not show any symptoms, making it challenging to diagnose them. Regular blood pressure checks are crucial to detect hypertension early, as it can have serious health implications if left untreated. Choice B is incorrect because most children with hypertension do not exhibit symptoms, hence being asymptomatic. Choices C and D are empty as they do not provide additional options.

4. The nurse is preparing new parents for discharge with their newborn. The father asks the nurse why the baby's head is so pointed and puffy-looking. What is the best response by the nurse?

A. His head is molded from fitting through the birth canal. It will become more round.
B. We refer to that as 'cone head,' which is a temporary condition that goes away.
C. It might mean that your baby sustained brain damage during birth, and could have delays.
D. I think he looks just like you. Your head is much the same shape as your baby's.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The corrected response 'His head is molded from fitting through the birth canal. It will become more round.' is the best answer as it explains the physiological reason for the baby's appearance after birth. It reassures the father that the pointed and puffy-looking head is a normal part of the birthing process and will resolve on its own. Choice B is incorrect because while 'cone head' is a term used colloquially, it does not provide a detailed explanation. Choice C is incorrect and should be avoided as it introduces unnecessary worry by suggesting brain damage. Choice D is not an appropriate response as it doesn't address the father's concern or provide accurate information about newborn physiology.

5. The student nurse has performed a gestational age assessment of an infant and finds the infant to be at 32 weeks. On which set of characteristics is the nurse basing this assessment?

A. Lanugo mostly gone, little vernix remaining on the body
B. Prominent clitoris, enlarging labia minora, patent anus
C. Full areola, 5 to 10 mm nipple bud, pinkish-brown areola
D. Skin opaque, cracking at wrists and ankles, no visible vessels

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. At 30 to 32 weeks' gestation, the clitoris is prominent, and the labia minora are enlarging. The labia majora are small and widely separated. As gestational age increases, the labia majora increase in size. At 36 to 40 weeks, they almost cover the clitoris. At 40 weeks and beyond, the labia majora cover the labia minora and clitoris. Choices A, C, and D do not align with the characteristic features seen at 32 weeks of gestation, making them incorrect.