ATI LPN
ATI Pediatric Medications Test
1. A mother of a 2-year-old child complains that her child has a fever, sore mouth, and red eye. What will be the possible diagnosis?
- A. TB
- B. Meningitis
- C. Measles
- D. Pertussis
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Measles. Measles commonly presents with symptoms such as fever, sore mouth, and red eyes. These characteristic symptoms help differentiate measles from the other conditions listed. Tuberculosis (Choice A) typically presents with respiratory symptoms, Meningitis (Choice B) commonly presents with symptoms like headache, neck stiffness, and altered mental status, while Pertussis (Choice D) is characterized by severe coughing spells. Therefore, in this case, the symptoms described align more closely with measles.
2. A nurse is assessing a client who has a new prescription for albuterol. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Dry mouth
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Weight gain
- D. Drowsiness
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tachycardia. Albuterol is a bronchodilator medication commonly used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma. Tachycardia, an increased heart rate, can be a potential side effect of albuterol, indicating excessive stimulation of the beta receptors. This side effect should be reported to the healthcare provider promptly to assess the need for further intervention or adjustment of the treatment plan. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because dry mouth, weight gain, and drowsiness are not typically associated with albuterol use and are less likely to require immediate reporting compared to tachycardia.
3. The sum of all chemical processes inside living cells of the body that sustain life and health is known as:
- A. physiology
- B. digestion
- C. metabolism
- D. nutrition
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Metabolism is the correct answer as it refers to the sum of all chemical processes that occur within living cells to maintain life and health. Physiology (Choice A) is the study of how living organisms function but does not specifically refer to cellular chemical processes. Digestion (Choice B) is the process of breaking down food in the body, not the overall cellular processes. Nutrition (Choice D) is the process of obtaining and consuming food necessary for health and growth, but it does not encompass all cellular processes related to sustaining life and health.
4. How should a healthcare provider assess and manage a patient with anemia?
- A. Monitor hemoglobin levels and provide iron supplements
- B. Administer B12 injections
- C. Monitor for signs of infection and administer folic acid
- D. Administer oxygen therapy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Question: To assess and manage a patient with anemia, monitoring hemoglobin levels and providing iron supplements are crucial. Anemia is commonly caused by iron deficiency, making iron supplementation a cornerstone of treatment. B12 injections (Choice B) are more relevant for treating megaloblastic anemia, not the typical iron-deficiency anemia. Monitoring for signs of infection and administering folic acid (Choice C) are important in specific types of anemia like megaloblastic anemia, but not the first-line approach for anemia management. Administering oxygen therapy (Choice D) is not the primary intervention for anemia unless severe hypoxemia is present, which is not typically seen in anemia.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a pneumococcal vaccine. Which of the following should the nurse verify?
- A. Client's allergy to eggs
- B. Client's current medications
- C. Client's vaccination history
- D. Client's blood pressure
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Client's vaccination history. Before administering a pneumococcal vaccine, the nurse should verify the client's vaccination history to ensure they are due for the vaccine. Verifying the vaccination history helps prevent unnecessary vaccinations and ensures that the client receives the appropriate immunization at the right time. Choices A, B, and D are not directly related to the administration of the pneumococcal vaccine. Checking for allergies to eggs may be important for other vaccines, but it is not specifically relevant to pneumococcal vaccination. The client's current medications and blood pressure are important for general health assessment but are not directly related to verifying the need for a pneumococcal vaccine.
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