ATI LPN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. Which of the following saturated fats does not contain cholesterol?
- A. Butter
- B. Coconut oil
- C. Eggs
- D. Fish
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Coconut oil. Coconut oil is a saturated fat derived from plants and does not contain cholesterol, unlike the other options. Butter (choice A) is an animal-derived saturated fat that contains cholesterol. Eggs (choice C) and fish (choice D) also contain cholesterol, making them incorrect choices. Therefore, coconut oil is the only option that is a saturated fat and does not contain cholesterol.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a bronchoscopy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. The client is anxious about the procedure.
- B. The client has not eaten for 8 hours.
- C. The client has a reported allergy to shellfish.
- D. The client has a platelet count of 100,000/mm³.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. A platelet count of 100,000/mm³ is low and increases the risk of bleeding during the bronchoscopy. This finding should be reported to the provider for further evaluation and possible intervention. Choices A, B, and C are not as critical in this situation. Anxiety about the procedure is common and can be managed with appropriate interventions. Not eating for 8 hours is a standard pre-procedure requirement to prevent aspiration during sedation. A reported allergy to shellfish is important to note but is not directly related to the risk of complications during a bronchoscopy.
3. Beta-adrenergic agonists such as Salbutamol are given to Reggie, a child with asthma. Such drugs are administered primarily to do which of the following?
- A. Dilate the bronchioles
- B. Reduce secondary infections
- C. Decrease postnasal drip
- D. Reduce airway inflammation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Beta-adrenergic agonists like Salbutamol are used to dilate the bronchioles in asthma patients. This action helps in relieving bronchospasms and improving airflow to the lungs, making breathing easier for the individual. While reducing inflammation is an essential part of asthma management, beta-adrenergic agonists primarily work by relaxing the smooth muscles around the airways, leading to bronchodilation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because beta-adrenergic agonists are not primarily used to reduce secondary infections, decrease postnasal drip, or directly reduce airway inflammation in asthma patients.
4. A nurse is planning a staff education program to review nursing interventions for patients who have kidney failure. What source should the nurse identify as the best source for obtaining evidence-based practice information?
- A. A recent peer-reviewed nursing research article
- B. A website for a nursing association
- C. A textbook published 5 years ago
- D. An expert opinion from a seasoned nurse
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A recent peer-reviewed nursing research article. Peer-reviewed research articles provide the most current and reliable evidence-based practice information for clinical care. Choice B, a website for a nursing association, may have valuable information but may not always guarantee the highest level of evidence. Choice C, a textbook published 5 years ago, may not reflect the most up-to-date practices and guidelines. Choice D, an expert opinion from a seasoned nurse, though valuable, is not as reliable as evidence derived from peer-reviewed research articles.
5. A client has a pressure ulcer. Which of the following findings indicates healing of the ulcer?
- A. Increase in drainage.
- B. Decrease in size.
- C. Presence of foul odor.
- D. Reddened wound edges.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a pressure ulcer is healing, there is a decrease in its size as the tissue repair progresses. This reduction in size is a positive indication of the healing process. An increase in drainage, presence of foul odor, or reddened wound edges are typically signs of infection or lack of improvement. Therefore, the correct answer is a decrease in size.
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