a prolapsed umbilical cord is dangerous because the

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LPN Pediatrics

1. Why is a prolapsed umbilical cord dangerous?

A. The cord may be wrapped around the baby's neck, causing strangulation.
B. The cord might pull the placenta from the uterine wall during delivery.
C. The baby's head may compress the cord, cutting off its supply of oxygen.
D. The mother may die of hypoxia due to compromised placental blood flow.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A prolapsed umbilical cord is dangerous because the baby's head may compress the cord, cutting off its supply of oxygen. This compression can lead to oxygen deprivation, potentially causing significant harm to the baby. Immediate medical intervention is crucial in such cases to prevent adverse outcomes.

2. Which of the following are classical clinical manifestations that a patient with diabetes mellitus will exhibit EXCEPT?

A. Polyuria
B. Polydipsia
C. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
D. Weight loss

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The classical clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus include polyuria (increased urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and weight loss. Diabetic ketoacidosis is not a classical manifestation but rather a serious complication that can occur in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes.

3. Which of the following statements regarding two-rescuer child CPR is correct?

A. The chest should be compressed with one hand, and a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2 should be delivered.
B. A compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be delivered with pauses in compressions to give ventilations.
C. The chest should be allowed to fully recoil between compressions to optimize venous return.
D. Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one third the diameter of the chest.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In two-rescuer child CPR, the correct compression depth is one third the diameter of the chest. This depth can be achieved by compressing the chest with one or two hands. It is crucial to follow the correct compression depth guideline to ensure effective chest compressions and circulation during CPR for a child.

4. How can a new mother tell if her baby is getting enough breast milk?

A. If your baby sleeps through the night, they are getting enough milk.
B. If your baby has six to eight wet diapers a day, they are getting enough milk.
C. If your baby cries frequently, they are getting enough milk.
D. If your baby is awake and alert, they are getting enough milk.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. If a new mother observes that her baby has six to eight wet diapers a day, it indicates that the baby is getting enough breast milk. This is a crucial indicator of adequate milk intake and hydration in infants. Conversely, choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A baby sleeping through the night, crying frequently, or being awake and alert are not reliable indicators of sufficient breast milk intake. It is essential for new mothers to track their baby's diaper output to ensure they are receiving the necessary nutrition.

5. When educating the parents of a child diagnosed with hypothyroidism, the nurse mentions that the child should avoid goitrogens. Which of the following will the nurse mention as an example?

A. Orange
B. Tomatoes
C. Cabbage
D. Grapes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cabbage is an example of a goitrogen. Goitrogens are substances that interfere with the normal function of the thyroid gland by inhibiting iodine uptake. Cabbage, along with other cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower, contain compounds that can have this effect and should be consumed in moderation by individuals with hypothyroidism to prevent worsening of their condition.