ATI LPN
ATI Mental Health Practice A
1. In dissociative identity disorder, a patient exhibits different personalities, each with distinct behaviors and memories. The nurse recognizes that this fragmentation of identity serves as a coping mechanism for:
- A. Current stressors
- B. Developmental issues
- C. Traumatic experiences
- D. Family dynamics
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In dissociative identity disorder, the fragmentation of identity serves as a coping mechanism for traumatic experiences. Individuals may develop different identities to help them manage and cope with overwhelming and traumatic events from their past. These distinct personalities often emerge as a way to protect the individual from the emotional pain associated with their traumatic experiences. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because dissociative identity disorder is primarily associated with coping mechanisms related to past traumatic experiences, rather than current stressors, developmental issues, or family dynamics.
2. A client reports unrelieved episiotomy pain 8 hours following a vaginal birth. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Apply an ice pack to the affected area.
- B. Offer a warm sitz bath.
- C. Provide a squeeze bottle of antiseptic solution.
- D. Place a hot pack on the perineum.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to apply an ice pack to the affected area. Ice packs help reduce swelling, inflammation, and provide pain relief post-episiotomy. Applying heat, as in a hot pack or warm sitz bath, can increase swelling and discomfort. Providing antiseptic solution in a squeeze bottle is not the first-line intervention for managing episiotomy pain, as the priority is pain relief and comfort.
3. A postpartum client is experiencing heavy lochia and a boggy uterus. What should be the nurse's initial action?
- A. Administer a uterotonic medication
- B. Encourage the client to void
- C. Perform fundal massage
- D. Increase the client's fluid intake
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct initial action for a postpartum client experiencing heavy lochia and a boggy uterus is to perform fundal massage. Fundal massage helps to firm the uterus and reduce bleeding by promoting uterine contractions, which can assist in preventing postpartum hemorrhage. Administering uterotonic medication may be necessary in some cases but should not be the initial action. Encouraging the client to void and increasing fluid intake can be important interventions but are not the priority in this situation where immediate uterine firmness is needed to control bleeding.
4. When teaching a client how to perform self-catheterization, which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Use sterile gloves during the procedure.
- B. Clean the catheter with alcohol after each use.
- C. Insert the catheter 2-4 inches into the urethra.
- D. Perform the procedure every 8 hours.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: To ensure effective drainage, the catheter should be inserted 2-4 inches into the urethra. This length allows the catheter to reach the bladder, bypass the urethral sphincters, and ensure proper drainage without causing discomfort or injury. Using sterile gloves, cleaning the catheter with alcohol, and performing the procedure every 8 hours are not accurate instructions for self-catheterization.
5. Which of the following are macronutrients?
- A. Minerals.
- B. Proteins.
- C. Vitamins.
- D. Enzymes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Proteins are indeed macronutrients, along with carbohydrates and fats. Macronutrients are nutrients that provide energy and are required in large amounts by the body. Minerals and vitamins are considered micronutrients, as they are needed in smaller quantities. Enzymes, on the other hand, are not nutrients but rather biological molecules that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions.
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