ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. A nurse working in a mobile health clinic is assessing a migrant farm worker. What finding should the nurse identify as a priority?
- A. Report of fatigue and fever
- B. Report of muscle twitching and skin rash
- C. Report of blurred vision
- D. Report of nasal congestion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Muscle twitching and a skin rash may indicate exposure to pesticides, which requires immediate intervention due to potential toxicity. Fatigue and fever (Choice A) are non-specific symptoms that may indicate various conditions but do not directly indicate pesticide exposure. Blurred vision (Choice C) and nasal congestion (Choice D) are also non-specific symptoms and are less likely to be related to pesticide exposure compared to muscle twitching and a skin rash.
2. A nurse in a long-term care facility is auscultating the lung sounds of a client who reports shortness of breath and increased fatigue. The nurse should report which of the following to the provider after hearing this sound?
- A. Fine crackles
- B. Rhonchi
- C. Wheezing
- D. Stridor
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fine crackles. Fine crackles suggest fluid in the lungs, which could indicate a serious respiratory issue like pulmonary edema. This sound should be reported to the provider for further evaluation and possible intervention. Rhonchi (choice B) are low-pitched wheezing sounds often caused by secretions in the larger airways, wheezing (choice C) is a high-pitched whistling sound usually caused by narrowed airways, and stridor (choice D) is a high-pitched sound heard on inspiration that indicates upper airway obstruction. While these sounds also require attention, fine crackles are more indicative of fluid accumulation in the lungs, making them the priority for reporting in this scenario.
3. Which component of protein contains nitrogen?
- A. Amino group
- B. Carboxyl group
- C. Peptide bond
- D. Side chain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the amino group. Amino groups are functional groups found in amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. These groups contain nitrogen and are essential for the structure and function of proteins. The carboxyl group (choice B) contains carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, while the peptide bond (choice C) is a covalent bond formed between amino acids in a protein chain. The side chain (choice D) refers to the unique chemical structure attached to the central carbon of an amino acid and varies among different amino acids, but it does not specifically contain nitrogen.
4. Primary health care is a total approach to community development. Which of the following is an indicator of success in using the primary health care approach?
- A. Health services are provided free of charge to individuals and families
- B. Local officials are empowered as the major decision-makers in health matters
- C. Health workers can provide care based on identified health needs of the people
- D. Health programs are sustained according to the level of development of the community
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Success in utilizing the primary health care approach is indicated by the sustainability of health programs based on the community's development level. This ensures that essential health services can be maintained at all stages of community development, reflecting the core principles of primary health care.
5. A nurse is reviewing a client's medical record and notes that the client is taking tamoxifen. The nurse should identify that tamoxifen is used to treat which of the following conditions?
- A. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
- B. Endometriosis
- C. Breast cancer
- D. Polycystic ovary syndrome
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Tamoxifen is an anti-estrogen medication primarily used to treat hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. It works by blocking estrogen receptors in breast tissue, slowing the growth of tumors that require estrogen to grow. Choice A, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, is incorrect because tamoxifen is not indicated for its treatment. Choice B, Endometriosis, is incorrect as tamoxifen is not used for this condition. Choice D, Polycystic ovary syndrome, is also incorrect since tamoxifen is not a treatment for this syndrome.
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