Nursing Elites

1. A patient with generalized anxiety disorder is being taught about buspirone. Which statement indicates the patient needs further teaching?

• A. I should take this medication consistently rather than on an as-needed basis.
• B. It may take a few weeks to feel the full effect of this medication.
• C. This medication has a lower risk of dependency compared to benzodiazepines.
• D. I should avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because buspirone is not meant to be taken on an as-needed basis. It should be taken consistently to achieve optimal effectiveness in managing generalized anxiety disorder. Taking it as needed may lead to inadequate symptom control and reduced therapeutic benefits.

2. Which intervention is most appropriate to promote the self-esteem of a patient with severe depression?

• A. Encouraging the patient to spend time alone for self-reflection.
• B. Involving the patient in simple, achievable activities to ensure success.
• C. Allowing the patient to rest and avoid responsibilities.
• D. Providing frequent reassurances and compliments.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Involving the patient in simple, achievable activities is a constructive approach to promote self-esteem by fostering a sense of accomplishment and success. This method encourages positive reinforcement and helps the patient regain confidence and self-worth, which are essential in managing depression. Choice A could potentially lead to rumination and worsen depressive symptoms. Choice C might reinforce avoidance behaviors and hinder progress. Choice D, while supportive, may not address the core need for building self-esteem through personal achievements.

3. Which symptom is most characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

• A. Fear of social situations
• B. Excessive worrying about various aspects of life
• C. Hallucinations
• D. Impulsive behaviors

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Excessive worrying about various aspects of life is a hallmark symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). In GAD, individuals experience excessive and uncontrollable worry about a wide range of everyday problems. This persistent worrying can lead to physical and emotional symptoms, impacting their daily functioning and quality of life. Fear of social situations, hallucinations, and impulsive behaviors are not typically associated with GAD.

4. A patient is being discharged with a prescription for an antidepressant for their depression. Which instruction is most important?

• A. Take the medication with food to prevent stomach upset.
• B. Refrain from driving until you understand the effects of the medication.
• C. Do not discontinue the medication suddenly.
• D. Avoid alcohol consumption while taking this medication.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most critical instruction is to not discontinue the antidepressant medication suddenly. Abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms and potentially trigger a relapse of depression. Options A, B, and D are important but not as crucial as ensuring the patient follows the prescribed regimen and consults with a healthcare provider before making any changes to the medication routine.

5. A patient with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is experiencing nightmares. Which intervention should the nurse include in the care plan?

• A. Encouraging the patient to journal before bedtime
• B. Teaching relaxation techniques
• C. Avoiding discussing the nightmares directly
• D. Developing a safety plan

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Teaching relaxation techniques is an appropriate intervention for a patient with PTSD experiencing nightmares. Relaxation techniques can help the patient manage anxiety and improve sleep quality, potentially decreasing the frequency and intensity of nightmares. By teaching relaxation techniques, the nurse empowers the patient to actively cope with and reduce the distressing symptoms of PTSD, contributing to overall therapeutic outcomes.

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