ATI LPN
PN ATI Comprehensive Predictor
1. A healthcare provider is reviewing the medical record of a client who is scheduled for an abdominal paracentesis. Which of the following actions should the healthcare provider take to prepare the client for this procedure?
- A. Assist the client to void
- B. Instruct the client to hold their breath
- C. Place the client in a lateral recumbent position
- D. Prepare to administer a sedative
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Assisting the client to void before a paracentesis is essential to reduce the risk of bladder injury during the procedure. Voiding helps empty the bladder, preventing accidental puncture during the insertion of the needle. Instructing the client to hold their breath is incorrect and can increase the risk of complications. Placing the client in a lateral recumbent position is not directly related to bladder safety during a paracentesis. Preparing to administer a sedative is not a standard preparation for this procedure and is not aimed at preventing bladder injury.
2. A client with a pressure ulcer is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following is the most appropriate action?
- A. Use a phenol solution to clean the wound
- B. Place a warm compress over the wound
- C. Cleanse the wound from the center outwards
- D. Administer antibiotics prophylactically
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Cleaning a wound from the center outwards is the most appropriate action as it helps prevent the spread of infection. Choice A is incorrect as phenol solutions can be harmful to the wound and delay healing. Choice B may increase the risk of infection as warmth can promote bacterial growth. Choice D is unnecessary unless there are signs of infection present.
3. Which disease was declared as a target for eradication in the Philippines through Presidential Proclamation No. 4?
- A. Poliomyelitis
- B. Measles
- C. Rabies
- D. Neonatal Tetanus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Presidential Proclamation No. 4 in the Philippines declared measles as a target for eradication through the Ligtas Tigdas Program. This program aims to eliminate measles, making it the correct choice in this case.
4. The nurse is preparing to care for a client who will be arriving from the recovery room after an above-the-knee amputation. The nurse ensures that which priority item is available for emergency use?
- A. Surgical tourniquet
- B. Dry sterile dressings
- C. Incentive spirometer
- D. Over-the-bed trapeze
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In the case of an above-the-knee amputation, the priority item that should be available for emergency use is a surgical tourniquet. This is crucial to control severe bleeding that may occur post-operatively. Dry sterile dressings (choice B) are important for wound care but not for immediate post-operative emergencies like bleeding. An incentive spirometer (choice C) is used for respiratory exercises and not directly related to emergency management post-amputation. An over-the-bed trapeze (choice D) is used for assisting clients with mobility and positioning, not for emergency situations involving bleeding.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer vitamin K to a newborn. The mother asks why this injection is necessary. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. It helps the baby's liver function properly.
- B. It prevents bleeding disorders in the newborn.
- C. It boosts the baby's immune system.
- D. It promotes the baby's growth and development.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Vitamin K is administered to newborns to prevent bleeding disorders since they have low levels of vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting. By providing this injection, the nurse ensures that the newborn has an adequate supply of vitamin K to support proper blood clotting and prevent potential bleeding complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because vitamin K's primary role in newborns is related to blood clotting and preventing bleeding, not liver function, immune system, or growth and development.
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