ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment B Quizlet
1. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has end-stage liver disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Elevated albumin
- B. Elevated ammonia
- C. Decreased total bilirubin
- D. Decreased prothrombin time
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In end-stage liver disease, the liver's inability to convert ammonia into urea leads to elevated ammonia levels. Elevated ammonia levels can result in hepatic encephalopathy, a serious complication. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Elevated albumin (Choice A) is not typically seen in end-stage liver disease as liver dysfunction often leads to decreased albumin levels. Decreased total bilirubin (Choice C) is unlikely in end-stage liver disease, as bilirubin levels tend to be elevated due to impaired liver function. Decreased prothrombin time (Choice D) is also not expected in end-stage liver disease, as impaired liver function results in prolonged prothrombin time.
2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has tuberculosis (TB) and is prescribed rifampin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. This medication can cause your urine to turn a reddish-orange color.
- B. You should expect to take this medication for at least 6 months.
- C. You should avoid eating dairy products while on this medication.
- D. This medication can cause sensitivity to sunlight.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Rifampin can cause harmless red-orange discoloration of bodily fluids, including urine, sweat, and tears. Clients should be informed about this side effect. Choice B is incorrect because the duration of rifampin therapy for TB is typically longer than 6 months. Choice C is incorrect as there is no need to avoid dairy products while on rifampin. Choice D is incorrect as rifampin does not cause sensitivity to sunlight.
3. A client is prescribed metronidazole for a bacterial infection. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client?
- A. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication
- B. It is safe to take during pregnancy
- C. Monitor for increased appetite
- D. It can cause hair loss
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.' Metronidazole can cause a disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, flushing, and headache. Therefore, clients should be instructed to avoid alcohol consumption. Choice B is incorrect because metronidazole is not considered safe during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. Choice C is incorrect as metronidazole is not known to cause increased appetite. Choice D is also incorrect as hair loss is not a common side effect of metronidazole.
4. A nurse is assessing a client who is Jewish and observes kosher dietary practices. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse expect to find?
- A. Meat and dairy products are eaten together
- B. Fasting occurs during Hanukkah
- C. Shellfish is eaten regularly
- D. Meat and dairy products are consumed separately
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Meat and dairy products are consumed separately.' Kosher dietary laws prohibit the consumption of meat and dairy products together. Observing this separation is a key aspect of Jewish dietary practices. Choice A is incorrect as meat and dairy products are not eaten together in kosher dietary practices. Choice B is incorrect as fasting does not typically occur during Hanukkah. Choice C is incorrect as shellfish is not eaten in kosher dietary practices due to being non-kosher.
5. A nurse is checking laboratory results for a client. Which of the following laboratory findings indicates hypervolemia?
- A. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L
- B. Urine specific gravity 1.001
- C. Serum calcium 10 mg/dL
- D. Urine pH 6
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. A urine specific gravity of 1.001 is low and indicates dilute urine, which is a sign of fluid overload (hypervolemia). Choice A, serum sodium 138 mEq/L, is within the normal range and does not indicate hypervolemia. Choice C, serum calcium 10 mg/dL, is not typically used to diagnose hypervolemia. Choice D, urine pH 6, is also not a specific indicator of hypervolemia.
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