ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B
1. A nurse is reviewing information about advance directives with a newly admitted client. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. My family can make decisions if I am unable to.
- B. I have a living will that outlines my wishes when I am unable to make a decision.
- C. I can write down my wishes, but they aren't legally binding.
- D. I don't need to worry about this until I’m critically ill.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is the correct answer because having a living will is a legal document that outlines a client's wishes when they are unable to make decisions, indicating a good understanding of advance directives. Choice A is incorrect because it doesn't mention a specific document like a living will. Choice C is incorrect because advance directives, like a living will, can be legally binding. Choice D is incorrect because planning for advance directives should ideally be done before a person becomes critically ill.
2. A client expresses anxiety about an upcoming surgery. What should the nurse do?
- A. Reassure the client that everything will be fine
- B. Ask the client to describe feelings
- C. Tell the client to stay positive
- D. Provide information about the surgery
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Asking the client to describe their feelings is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. This allows the nurse to understand the specific concerns and anxieties the client is experiencing. Choice A may invalidate the client's feelings and not address the root cause of anxiety. Choice C may come across as dismissive and oversimplified. While providing information about the surgery (Choice D) is important, addressing the client's emotional state is the initial priority in this situation.
3. A client with diabetes is receiving education on foot care. Which of the following should be included in the teaching?
- A. Inspect feet daily for cuts and sores
- B. Soak feet in warm water daily
- C. Wear closed-toe shoes at all times
- D. Trim toenails straight across
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inspect feet daily for cuts and sores. Clients with diabetes are at an increased risk of foot complications, so it is essential to check for any cuts, sores, or injuries daily to prevent infections and complications. Soaking feet in warm water daily (choice B) is not recommended as it can lead to skin breakdown. Wearing closed-toe shoes at all times (choice C) is not advisable as it can cause excessive pressure and friction. Trimming toenails straight across (choice D) is the correct method to prevent ingrown toenails, not trimming them in a rounded shape.
4. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who reports a decrease in the effectiveness of their arthritis medication. Which client information should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the decrease in the medication's effectiveness?
- A. Taking the medication with water
- B. Skipping doses of medication
- C. A history of recurring bowel inflammation
- D. Taking anti-inflammatory medication without food
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A history of recurring bowel inflammation can impact the absorption and effectiveness of arthritis medication. Bowel inflammation can affect the body's ability to absorb the medication properly, leading to decreased effectiveness. Choices A, B, and D do not directly relate to the decreased effectiveness of the arthritis medication. Taking medication with water, skipping doses, or taking anti-inflammatory medication without food may not be ideal practices but are not directly linked to the decrease in effectiveness reported by the client.
5. A client in the second trimester of pregnancy asks how to treat constipation. Which of the following should the nurse recommend?
- A. Decrease intake of vitamins and supplements to every other day
- B. Eat 15 g of fiber per day
- C. Consume 48 ounces of water daily
- D. Drink hot water with lemon juice each morning
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drink hot water with lemon juice each morning. Drinking hot water with lemon juice can help stimulate bowel movements, making it a natural and safe recommendation for pregnant clients experiencing constipation. Choice A is incorrect because reducing vitamin and supplement intake may not directly address constipation. Choice B, eating 15 g of fiber per day, could be helpful but may not be as effective as the correct answer for immediate relief. Choice C, consuming 48 ounces of water daily, is essential for overall health but may not be as directly effective as the correct answer in alleviating constipation.
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