Nursing Elites

1. A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is receiving teaching from a healthcare provider. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I will take my insulin only if my blood sugar is above 200 mg/dL.
• B. I will eat a snack before exercising.
• C. I will avoid all carbohydrates.
• D. I will check my blood sugar once a week.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Eating a snack before exercising is crucial for managing blood sugar levels and preventing hypoglycemia in individuals with diabetes. Exercising on an empty stomach can lead to low blood sugar levels, but consuming a snack before physical activity helps stabilize blood sugar and provides energy for the body. This proactive approach demonstrates the client's understanding of the importance of managing blood sugar levels during physical activity.

2. What is the primary benefit of using electronic health records (EHRs) in healthcare?

• A. EHRs eliminate the need for paper records.
• B. EHRs ensure complete patient confidentiality.
• C. EHRs improve the accuracy of patient information.
• D. EHRs reduce the time spent on documentation.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary benefit of using electronic health records (EHRs) in healthcare is that they improve the accuracy and completeness of patient information. By utilizing EHRs, healthcare providers have access to more reliable and up-to-date patient data, which leads to better patient care outcomes. This improved accuracy enables healthcare professionals to make better-informed decisions and provide more effective treatments, ultimately enhancing patient safety and quality of care.

3. When teaching a client with a new diagnosis of hypertension about medication adherence, which statement should the nurse include?

• A. You can stop taking your medication once your blood pressure is normal.
• B. You should take your medication at the same time every day.
• C. You can double your dose if you miss a dose.
• D. You should take your medication with a high-fat meal.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'You should take your medication at the same time every day.' Taking medication consistently at the same time daily is crucial for maintaining steady blood levels and effectively managing hypertension. It helps ensure that the medication works optimally and provides the best control of blood pressure throughout the day. Choice A is incorrect because stopping medication once blood pressure is normal can lead to a relapse or worsening of hypertension. Choice C is incorrect as doubling the dose without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous. Choice D is incorrect as taking medication with a high-fat meal can affect its absorption and efficacy.

4. A client is receiving continuous enteral feedings. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

• A. Monitor intake and output every 8 hours.
• B. Flush the feeding tube every 4 hours.
• C. Measure the client's temperature every 24 hours.
• D. Change the feeding bag and tubing every 72 hours.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Flush the feeding tube every 4 hours. Flushing the feeding tube every 4 hours is essential to maintain patency and prevent clogging, ensuring the client receives the prescribed enteral nutrition without interruption. This intervention helps prevent complications such as tube occlusion. Monitoring intake and output is important for assessing the client's hydration status but does not directly address tube patency. Measuring the client's temperature is essential for monitoring for signs of infection but is not directly related to tube maintenance. Changing the feeding bag and tubing every 72 hours is important for infection control but does not address tube patency.

5. A client has a new diagnosis of GERD. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching about dietary management?

• A. You should increase your intake of high-fat foods.
• B. You should decrease your intake of high-fat foods.
• C. You should avoid foods that contain gluten.
• D. You should increase your intake of dairy products.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to decrease the intake of high-fat foods. High-fat foods can exacerbate symptoms of GERD by delaying stomach emptying and increasing the risk of reflux. By reducing high-fat foods in the diet, the client can help manage symptoms of GERD and decrease the likelihood of complications. Choice A is incorrect because increasing high-fat foods can worsen GERD symptoms. Choice C is unrelated as gluten is not a specific concern for GERD. Choice D is incorrect as increasing dairy products may lead to increased fat intake, which is not recommended for GERD.

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